* Convert library to use built-in `Net::HTTP` Moves the library off of Faraday and over onto the standard library's built-in `Net::HTTP` module. The upside of the transition is that we break away from a few dependencies that have caused us a fair bit of trouble in the past, the downside is that we need more of our own code to do things (although surprisingly, not that much more). The biggest new pieces are: * `ConnectionManager`: A per-thread class that manages a connection to each Stripe infrastructure URL (like `api.stripe.com`, `connect.stripe.com`, etc.) so that we can reuse them between requests. It's also responsible for setting up and configuring new `Net::HTTP` connections, which is a little more heavyweight code-wise compared to other libraries. All of this could have lived in `StripeClient`, but I extracted it because that class has gotten so big. * `MultipartEncoder`: A class that does multipart form encoding for file uploads. Unfortunately, Ruby doesn't bundle anything like this. I built this by referencing the Go implementation because the original RFC is not very detailed or well-written. I also made sure that it was behaving similarly to our other custom implementations like stripe-node, and that it can really upload a file outside the test suite. There's some risk here in that it's easy to miss something across one of these big transitions. I've tried to test out various error cases through tests, but also by leaving scripts running as I terminate my network connection and bring it back. That said, we'd certainly release on a major version bump because some of the interface (like setting `Stripe.default_client`) changes. * Drop support for old versions of Ruby Drops support for Ruby 2.1 (EOL March 31, 2017) and 2.2 (EOL March 31, 2018). They're removed from `.travis.yml` and the gemspec and RuboCop configuration have also been updated to the new lower bound. Most of the diff here are minor updates to styling as required by RuboCop: * String literals are frozen by default, so the `.freeze` we had everywhere is now considered redundant. * We can now use Ruby 1.9 style hash syntax with string keys like `{ "foo": "bar" }`. * Converted a few heredocs over to use squiggly (leading whitespace removed) syntax. As discussed in Slack, I didn't drop support for Ruby 2.3 (EOL March 31, 2019) as we still have quite a few users on it. As far as I know dropping it doesn't get us access to any major syntax improvements or anything, so it's probably not a big deal. * Make `CardError`'s `code` parameter named instead of positional (#816) Makes the `code` parameter on `CardError` named instead of positional. This makes it more consistent with the rest of the constructor's parameters and makes instantiating `CardError` from `StripeClient` cleaner. This is a minor breaking change so we're aiming to release it for the next major version of stripe-ruby. * Bump Rubocop to latest version (#818) * Ruby minimum version increase followup (#819) * Remove old deprecated methods (#820) * Remove all alias for list methods (#823) * Remove UsageRecord.create method (#826) * Remove IssuerFraudRecord (#827) * Add ErrorObject to StripeError exceptions (#811) * Tweak retry logic to be a little more like stripe-node (#828) Tweaks the retry logic to be a little more like stripe-node's. In particular, we also retry under these conditions: * If we receive a 500 on a non-`POST` request. * If we receive a 503. I made it slightly different from stripe-node which checks for a 500 with `>= 500`. I don't really like that -- if we want to retry specific status codes we should be explicit about it. We're actively re-examining ways on how to make it easier for clients to figure out when to retry right now, but I figure V5 is a good time to tweak this because the modifications change the method signature of `should_retry?` slightly, and it's technically a public method. * Fix inverted sign for 500 retries (#830) I messed up in #828 by (1) accidentally flipping the comparison against `:post` when checking whether to retry on 500, and (2) forgetting to write new tests for the condition, which is how (1) got through. This patch fixes both those problems. * Remove a few more very old deprecated methods (#831) I noticed that we had a couple of other deprecated methods on `Stripe` and `StripeObject` that have been around for a long time. May as well get rid of them too -- luckily they were using `Gem::Deprecate` so they've been producing annoying deprecated warnings for quite a while now. * Remove extraneous slash at the end of the line * Reset connections when connection-changing configuration changes (#829) Adds a few basic features around connection and connection manager management: * `clear` on connection manager, which calls `finish` on each active connection and then disposes of it. * A centralized cross-thread tracking system for connection managers in `StripeClient` and `clear_all_connection_managers` which clears all known connection managers across all threads in a thread-safe way. The addition of these allow us to modify the implementation of some of our configuration on `Stripe` so that it can reset all currently open connections when its value changes. This fixes a currently problem with the library whereby certain configuration must be set before the first request or it remains fixed on any open connections. For example, if `Stripe.proxy` is set after a request is made from the library, it has no effect because the proxy must have been set when the connection was originally being initialized. The impetus for getting this out is that I noticed that we will need this internally in a few places when we're upgrading to stripe-ruby V5. Those spots used to be able to hack around the unavailability of this feature by just accessing the Faraday connection directly and resetting state on it, but in V5 `StripeClient#conn` is gone, and that's no longer possible. * Minor cleanup in `StripeClient` (#832) I ended up having to relax the maximum method line length in a few previous PRs, so I wanted to try one more cleanup pass in `execute_request` to see if I could get it back at all. The answer was "not by much" (without reducing clarity), but I found a few places that could be tweaked. Unfortunately, ~50 lines is probably the "right" length for this method in that you _could_ extract it further, but you'd end up passing huge amounts of state all over the place in method parameters, and it really wouldn't look that good. * Do better bookkeeping when tracking state in `Thread.current` (#833) This is largely just another cleanup patch, but does a couple main things: * Hoists the `last_response` value into thread state. This is a very minor nicety, but effectively makes `StripeClient` fully thread-safe, which seems like a minor nicety. Two calls to `#request` to the same `StripeObject` can now be executed on two different threads and their results won't interfere with each other. * Moves state off one-off `Thread.current` keys and into a single one for the whole client which stores a new simple type of record called `ThreadContext`. Again, this doesn't change much, but adds some minor type safety and lets us document each field we expect to have in a thread's context. * Add Invoice.list_upcoming_line_items method (#834)
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Stripe Ruby Library
The Stripe Ruby library provides convenient access to the Stripe API from applications written in the Ruby language. It includes a pre-defined set of classes for API resources that initialize themselves dynamically from API responses which makes it compatible with a wide range of versions of the Stripe API.
The library also provides other features. For example:
- Easy configuration path for fast setup and use.
- Helpers for pagination.
- Tracking of "fresh" values in API resources so that partial updates can be executed.
- Built-in mechanisms for the serialization of parameters according to the expectations of Stripe's API.
Documentation
See the Ruby API docs.
Installation
You don't need this source code unless you want to modify the gem. If you just want to use the package, just run:
gem install stripe
If you want to build the gem from source:
gem build stripe.gemspec
Requirements
- Ruby 2.3+.
Bundler
If you are installing via bundler, you should be sure to use the https rubygems source in your Gemfile, as any gems fetched over http could potentially be compromised in transit and alter the code of gems fetched securely over https:
source 'https://rubygems.org'
gem 'rails'
gem 'stripe'
Usage
The library needs to be configured with your account's secret key which is
available in your Stripe Dashboard. Set Stripe.api_key
to its
value:
require "stripe"
Stripe.api_key = "sk_test_..."
# list charges
Stripe::Charge.list()
# retrieve single charge
Stripe::Charge.retrieve(
"ch_18atAXCdGbJFKhCuBAa4532Z",
)
Per-request Configuration
For apps that need to use multiple keys during the lifetime of a process, like one that uses Stripe Connect, it's also possible to set a per-request key and/or account:
require "stripe"
Stripe::Charge.list(
{},
{
api_key: "sk_test_...",
stripe_account: "acct_...",
stripe_version: "2018-02-28",
}
)
Stripe::Charge.retrieve(
"ch_18atAXCdGbJFKhCuBAa4532Z",
{
api_key: "sk_test_...",
stripe_account: "acct_...",
stripe_version: "2018-02-28",
}
)
Stripe::Charge.retrieve(
{
id: "ch_18atAXCdGbJFKhCuBAa4532Z",
expand: %w(balance_transaction)
},
{
stripe_version: "2018-02-28",
api_key: "sk_test_...",
}
)
Accessing a response object
Get access to response objects by initializing a client and using its request
method:
client = Stripe::StripeClient.new
charge, resp = client.request do
Stripe::Charge.retrieve(
"ch_18atAXCdGbJFKhCuBAa4532Z",
)
end
puts resp.request_id
Configuring a proxy
A proxy can be configured with Stripe.proxy
:
Stripe.proxy = "https://user:pass@example.com:1234"
Configuring an API Version
By default, the library will use the API version pinned to the account making a request. This can be overridden with this global option:
Stripe.api_version = "2018-02-28"
See versioning in the API reference for more information.
Configuring CA Bundles
By default, the library will use its own internal bundle of known CA certificates, but it's possible to configure your own:
Stripe.ca_bundle_path = "path/to/ca/bundle"
Configuring Automatic Retries
You can enable automatic retries on requests that fail due to a transient problem by configuring the maximum number of retries:
Stripe.max_network_retries = 2
Various errors can trigger a retry, like a connection error or a timeout, and
also certain API responses like HTTP status 409 Conflict
.
Idempotency keys are added to requests to guarantee that retries are safe.
Configuring Timeouts
Open and read timeouts are configurable:
Stripe.open_timeout = 30 // in seconds
Stripe.read_timeout = 80
Please take care to set conservative read timeouts. Some API requests can take some time, and a short timeout increases the likelihood of a problem within our servers.
Logging
The library can be configured to emit logging that will give you better insight
into what it's doing. The info
logging level is usually most appropriate for
production use, but debug
is also available for more verbosity.
There are a few options for enabling it:
-
Set the environment variable
STRIPE_LOG
to the valuedebug
orinfo
:$ export STRIPE_LOG=info
-
Set
Stripe.log_level
:Stripe.log_level = Stripe::LEVEL_INFO
Writing a Plugin
If you're writing a plugin that uses the library, we'd appreciate it if you
identified using #set_app_info
:
Stripe.set_app_info("MyAwesomePlugin", version: "1.2.34", url: "https://myawesomeplugin.info");
This information is passed along when the library makes calls to the Stripe API.
Request latency telemetry
By default, the library sends request latency telemetry to Stripe. These numbers help Stripe improve the overall latency of its API for all users.
You can disable this behavior if you prefer:
Stripe.enable_telemetry = false
Development
The test suite depends on stripe-mock, so make sure to fetch and run it from a background terminal (stripe-mock's README also contains instructions for installing via Homebrew and other methods):
go get -u github.com/stripe/stripe-mock
stripe-mock
Run all tests:
bundle exec rake test
Run a single test suite:
bundle exec ruby -Ilib/ test/stripe/util_test.rb
Run a single test:
bundle exec ruby -Ilib/ test/stripe/util_test.rb -n /should.convert.names.to.symbols/
Run the linter:
bundle exec rake rubocop
Update bundled CA certificates from the Mozilla cURL release:
bundle exec rake update_certs
Update the bundled stripe-mock by editing the version number found in
.travis.yml
.