Nathan Bossart 411b720343 Teach in-tree getopt_long() to move non-options to the end of argv.
Unlike the other implementations of getopt_long() I could find, the
in-tree implementation does not reorder non-options to the end of
argv.  Instead, it returns -1 as soon as the first non-option is
found, even if there are other options listed afterwards.  By
moving non-options to the end of argv, getopt_long() can parse all
specified options and return -1 when only non-options remain.
This quirk is periodically missed by hackers (e.g., 869aa40a27,
ffd398021c, and d9ddc50baf).  This commit introduces the
aforementioned non-option reordering behavior to the in-tree
getopt_long() implementation.

Special thanks to Noah Misch for his help verifying behavior on
AIX.

Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi, Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230609232257.GA121461%40nathanxps13
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src/port/README

libpgport
=========

libpgport must have special behavior.  It supplies functions to both
libraries and applications.  However, there are two complexities:

1)  Libraries need to use object files that are compiled with exactly
the same flags as the library.  libpgport might not use the same flags,
so it is necessary to recompile the object files for individual
libraries.  This is done by removing -lpgport from the link line:

        # Need to recompile any libpgport object files
        LIBS := $(filter-out -lpgport, $(LIBS))

and adding infrastructure to recompile the object files:

        OBJS= execute.o typename.o descriptor.o data.o error.o prepare.o memory.o \
                connect.o misc.o path.o exec.o \
                $(filter strlcat.o, $(LIBOBJS))

The problem is that there is no testing of which object files need to be
added, but missing functions usually show up when linking user
applications.

2) For applications, we use -lpgport before -lpq, so the static files
from libpgport are linked first.  This avoids having applications
dependent on symbols that are _used_ by libpq, but not intended to be
exported by libpq.  libpq's libpgport usage changes over time, so such a
dependency is a problem.  Windows, Linux, AIX, and macOS use an export
list to control the symbols exported by libpq.