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discovered by oss-fuzz It's a bug in the test itself : ZSTD_compressBound() as an upper bound of the compress size only works for data compressed "normally". But in situations where many flushes are forcefully introduced, this creates many more blocks, each of which has a potential to increase the size by 3 bytes. In extreme cases (lots of small incompressible blocks), the expansion can go beyond ZSTD_compressBound(). This situation is similar when using the CompressSequences() API with Explicit Block Delimiters. In which case, each explicit block acts like a deliberate flush. When employed by a fuzzer, it's possible to generate scenarios like the one described above, with tons of incompressible blocks of small sizes, thus going beyond ZSTD_compressBound(). fix : when using Explicit Block Delimiters, use a larger bound, to account for this scenario.