# UOV - **Algorithm type**: Digital signature scheme. - **Main cryptographic assumption**: multivariable quadratic equations, oil and vinegar. - **Principal submitters**: Ward Beullens, Ming-Shing Chen, Jintai Ding, Boru Gong, Matthias J. Kannwischer, Jacques Patarin, Bo-Yuan Peng, Dieter Schmidt, Cheng-Jhih Shih, Chengdong Tao, Bo-Yin Yang. - **Authors' website**: https://www.uovsig.org/ - **Specification version**: NIST Round 2 (February 2025). - **Primary Source**: - **Source**: https://github.com/pqov/pqov/commit/7e0832b6732a476119742c4acabd11b7c767aefb - **Implementation license (SPDX-Identifier)**: CC0 OR Apache-2.0 ## Parameter set summary | Parameter set | Parameter set alias | Security model | Claimed NIST Level | Public key size (bytes) | Secret key size (bytes) | Signature size (bytes) | |:---------------:|:----------------------|:-----------------|---------------------:|--------------------------:|--------------------------:|-------------------------:| | OV-Is | NA | EUF-CMA | 1 | 412160 | 348704 | 96 | | OV-Ip | NA | EUF-CMA | 1 | 278432 | 237896 | 128 | | OV-III | NA | EUF-CMA | 3 | 1225440 | 1044320 | 200 | | OV-V | NA | EUF-CMA | 5 | 2869440 | 2436704 | 260 | | OV-Is-pkc | NA | EUF-CMA | 1 | 66576 | 348704 | 96 | | OV-Ip-pkc | NA | EUF-CMA | 1 | 43576 | 237896 | 128 | | OV-III-pkc | NA | EUF-CMA | 3 | 189232 | 1044320 | 200 | | OV-V-pkc | NA | EUF-CMA | 5 | 446992 | 2436704 | 260 | | OV-Is-pkc-skc | NA | EUF-CMA | 1 | 66576 | 32 | 96 | | OV-Ip-pkc-skc | NA | EUF-CMA | 1 | 43576 | 32 | 128 | | OV-III-pkc-skc | NA | EUF-CMA | 3 | 189232 | 32 | 200 | | OV-V-pkc-skc | NA | EUF-CMA | 5 | 446992 | 32 | 260 | ## OV-Is implementation characteristics | Implementation source | Identifier in upstream | Supported architecture(s) | Supported operating system(s) | CPU extension(s) used | No branching-on-secrets claimed? | No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind? | Large stack usage?‡ | |:---------------------------------:|:-------------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------|:-----------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------|:----------------------| | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | ref | All | All | None | True | True | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | neon | ARM64\_V8 | Linux,Darwin | None | True | False | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | avx2 | x86\_64 | Linux,Darwin | AVX2 | True | True | False | Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? **Yes**. ‡For an explanation of what this denotes, consult the [Explanation of Terms](#explanation-of-terms) section at the end of this file. ## OV-Ip implementation characteristics | Implementation source | Identifier in upstream | Supported architecture(s) | Supported operating system(s) | CPU extension(s) used | No branching-on-secrets claimed? | No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind? | Large stack usage? | |:---------------------------------:|:-------------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------|:-----------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------|:---------------------| | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | ref | All | All | None | True | True | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | neon | ARM64\_V8 | Linux,Darwin | None | True | False | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | avx2 | x86\_64 | Linux,Darwin | AVX2 | True | True | False | Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? **Yes**. ## OV-III implementation characteristics | Implementation source | Identifier in upstream | Supported architecture(s) | Supported operating system(s) | CPU extension(s) used | No branching-on-secrets claimed? | No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind? | Large stack usage? | |:---------------------------------:|:-------------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------|:-----------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------|:---------------------| | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | ref | All | All | None | True | True | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | neon | ARM64\_V8 | Linux,Darwin | None | True | False | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | avx2 | x86\_64 | Linux,Darwin | AVX2 | True | True | False | Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? **Yes**. ## OV-V implementation characteristics | Implementation source | Identifier in upstream | Supported architecture(s) | Supported operating system(s) | CPU extension(s) used | No branching-on-secrets claimed? | No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind? | Large stack usage? | |:---------------------------------:|:-------------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------|:-----------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------|:---------------------| | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | ref | All | All | None | True | True | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | neon | ARM64\_V8 | Linux,Darwin | None | True | False | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | avx2 | x86\_64 | Linux,Darwin | AVX2 | True | True | False | Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? **Yes**. ## OV-Is-pkc implementation characteristics | Implementation source | Identifier in upstream | Supported architecture(s) | Supported operating system(s) | CPU extension(s) used | No branching-on-secrets claimed? | No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind? | Large stack usage? | |:---------------------------------:|:-------------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------|:-----------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------|:---------------------| | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | ref | All | All | None | True | True | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | neon | ARM64\_V8 | Linux,Darwin | None | True | False | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | avx2 | x86\_64 | Linux,Darwin | AVX2 | True | True | False | Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? **Yes**. ## OV-Ip-pkc implementation characteristics | Implementation source | Identifier in upstream | Supported architecture(s) | Supported operating system(s) | CPU extension(s) used | No branching-on-secrets claimed? | No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind? | Large stack usage? | |:---------------------------------:|:-------------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------|:-----------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------|:---------------------| | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | ref | All | All | None | True | True | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | neon | ARM64\_V8 | Linux,Darwin | None | True | False | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | avx2 | x86\_64 | Linux,Darwin | AVX2 | True | True | False | Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? **Yes**. ## OV-III-pkc implementation characteristics | Implementation source | Identifier in upstream | Supported architecture(s) | Supported operating system(s) | CPU extension(s) used | No branching-on-secrets claimed? | No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind? | Large stack usage? | |:---------------------------------:|:-------------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------|:-----------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------|:---------------------| | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | ref | All | All | None | True | True | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | neon | ARM64\_V8 | Linux,Darwin | None | True | False | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | avx2 | x86\_64 | Linux,Darwin | AVX2 | True | True | False | Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? **Yes**. ## OV-V-pkc implementation characteristics | Implementation source | Identifier in upstream | Supported architecture(s) | Supported operating system(s) | CPU extension(s) used | No branching-on-secrets claimed? | No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind? | Large stack usage? | |:---------------------------------:|:-------------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------|:-----------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------|:---------------------| | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | ref | All | All | None | True | True | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | neon | ARM64\_V8 | Linux,Darwin | None | True | False | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | avx2 | x86\_64 | Linux,Darwin | AVX2 | True | True | False | Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? **Yes**. ## OV-Is-pkc-skc implementation characteristics | Implementation source | Identifier in upstream | Supported architecture(s) | Supported operating system(s) | CPU extension(s) used | No branching-on-secrets claimed? | No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind? | Large stack usage? | |:---------------------------------:|:-------------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------|:-----------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------|:---------------------| | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | ref | All | All | None | True | True | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | neon | ARM64\_V8 | Linux,Darwin | None | True | False | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | avx2 | x86\_64 | Linux,Darwin | AVX2 | True | True | False | Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? **Yes**. ## OV-Ip-pkc-skc implementation characteristics | Implementation source | Identifier in upstream | Supported architecture(s) | Supported operating system(s) | CPU extension(s) used | No branching-on-secrets claimed? | No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind? | Large stack usage? | |:---------------------------------:|:-------------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------|:-----------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------|:---------------------| | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | ref | All | All | None | True | True | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | neon | ARM64\_V8 | Linux,Darwin | None | True | False | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | avx2 | x86\_64 | Linux,Darwin | AVX2 | True | True | False | Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? **Yes**. ## OV-III-pkc-skc implementation characteristics | Implementation source | Identifier in upstream | Supported architecture(s) | Supported operating system(s) | CPU extension(s) used | No branching-on-secrets claimed? | No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind? | Large stack usage? | |:---------------------------------:|:-------------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------|:-----------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------|:---------------------| | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | ref | All | All | None | True | True | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | neon | ARM64\_V8 | Linux,Darwin | None | True | False | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | avx2 | x86\_64 | Linux,Darwin | AVX2 | True | True | False | Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? **Yes**. ## OV-V-pkc-skc implementation characteristics | Implementation source | Identifier in upstream | Supported architecture(s) | Supported operating system(s) | CPU extension(s) used | No branching-on-secrets claimed? | No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind? | Large stack usage? | |:---------------------------------:|:-------------------------|:----------------------------|:--------------------------------|:------------------------|:-----------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------|:---------------------| | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | ref | All | All | None | True | True | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | neon | ARM64\_V8 | Linux,Darwin | None | True | False | False | | [Primary Source](#primary-source) | avx2 | x86\_64 | Linux,Darwin | AVX2 | True | True | False | Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? **Yes**. ## Explanation of Terms - **Large Stack Usage**: Implementations identified as having such may cause failures when running in threads or in constrained environments.