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book/foreword.adoc
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// * i left out links/refs in this draft. let me know if you'd like them included
// *
While there have been many books on the topic of hypermedia, there is a select number of publications that chronicle important advances in the field of hypermedia and this book is one of them. Not only does this book describe the benefits of creating hypermedia-driven applications (HDAs), it leads the reader through working and practical examples of how to do just that. And, in doing so, the authors (Gross, Stepinski, and Akşimşek) call out contributions from important figures in the history of hypermedia systems.
While there have been many books on the topic of hypermedia, there is a select number of publications that chronicle important advances in the field of hypermedia and this book is one of them. Not only does this book describe the benefits of creating hypermedia-driven applications (HDAs), it leads the reader through working and practical examples of how to do just that. And, in doing so, the authors (Gross, Stepinski, and Akşimşek) call out contributions from important figures in the history of hypermedia systems. And, as of this writing, that history spans more than half a century.
In 1974, Ted Nelson's _"Computer Lib/Machine Dreams"_ marked the start of the modern hypermedia era with a book that Steven Levy (author of _"Hackers"_) described as "the epic of the computer revolution." Nelson is credited with coining the terms HyperText, HyperLink, HyperMedia, and HyperData as well as Intertwingluarity; the notion that all information is connected -- both intertwined and intermingled. Almost half a century ago, he foretold a future where any person could publish anything anytime without the need for permission from any central controlling source. And his hyperlinks were the engine of that future.
It took two decades before Nelson's idea of intertwingled computing became widespread. Along the way, Douglas Engelbart created the _oN-Line System_ or NLS, Wendy Hall built the _Microcosm_, and, eventually Tim Beners-Lee defined the World Wide Web (WWW), HTML, and HTTP in the late 1980s. It was Berners-Lee's iteration that has become the backbone and the standard for the intertingularity we all experience today.
It took two decades before Nelson's idea of intertwingled computing became widespread. Along the way, Douglas Engelbart created the _oN-Line System_ or NLS, Wendy Hall built the _Microcosm_, and, eventually, in the 1980s, Tim Beners-Lee defined the World Wide Web (WWW), HTML, and HTTP. It was Berners-Lee's iteration that has become the backbone and the standard for the intertingularity we all experience today.
By the year 2000, the technical foundations of "the web" were documented in Roy Fielding's PhD dissertation (_"Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software Architectures"_). In that work, Fielding defined the architectural model of _REpresentational State Transfer_ or REST. This set of system properties and implemenation constraints have proven -- even a quarter-cenruty later -- to be a reliable model for designing and building the intertwingled machines that today affect billions of people around the globe.