QGIS/doc/osx.t2t

= MacOS X: building using frameworks and Cmake =

In this approach I will try to avoid as much as possible building dependencies
from source and rather use frameworks wherever possible.

The base system here is Mac OS X 10.4 (__Tiger__), with a single architecture build.
Included are a few notes for building on Mac OS X 10.5 (__Leopard__) and 10.6 (__Snow Leopard__).
Make sure to read each section completely before typing the first command you see.

__General note on Terminal usage:__  When I say "cd" to a folder in a Terminal,
it means type "cd " (without the quotes, make sure to type a space after) and
then type the path to said folder, then <return>.  A simple way to do this without having to know
and type the full path is, after type the "cd " part, drag the folder (use the icon
in its window title bar, or drag a folder from within a window) from the Desktop
to the Terminal, then tap <return>.

__Parallel Compilation:__ On multiprocessor/multicore Macs, it's possible to speed
up compilation, but it's not automatic.  Whenever you type "make" (but NOT "make install"),
instead type:

```
make -j [n]
```

Replace [n] with the number of cores and/or processors your Mac has.  On recent
models with hyperthreading processors this can be double the physical count of
processors and cores.

ie: Mac Pro "8 Core" model (2 quad core processors) = 8

ie: Macbook Pro i5 (hyperthreading) = 2 cores X 2 = 4

== Install Qt4 from .dmg ==

You need a minimum of Qt-4.4.0. I suggest getting the latest.

__Snow Leopard note:__ If you are building on Snow Leopard, you will need to
decide between 32-bit support in the older, Qt Carbon branch, or 64-bit
support in the Qt Cocoa branch. Appropriate installers are available for both
as of Qt-4.5.2.  Qt 4.6+ is recommended for Cocoa.

__PPC note:__ There appear to be issues with Qt Cocoa on PPC Macs.  QT Carbon
is recommended on PPC Macs.

``` 
http://qt.nokia.com/downloads
```

If you want debug frameworks, Qt also provides a dmg with these.  These are in
addition to the non-debug frameworks.

Once downloaded open the dmg and run the installer. Note you need admin
privileges to install.

__Qt note:__ Starting in Qt 4.4, libQtCLucene was added, and in 4.5
libQtUiTools was added, both in /usr/lib.  When using a system SDK
these libraries will not be found.  To fix this problem,
add symlinks to /usr/local:

```
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/libQtUiTools.a /usr/local/lib/
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/libQtCLucene.dylib /usr/local/lib/
```

These should then be found automatically on Leopard and above.  Earlier systems
may need some help by adding '-L/usr/local/lib' to CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS,
CMAKE_MODULE_LINKER_FLAGS and CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS in the cmake build.


== Install development frameworks for QGIS dependencies ==

Download William Kyngesburye's excellent GDAL Complete package that includes
PROJ, GEOS, GDAL, SQLite3, and image libraries, as frameworks.  There is also
a GSL framework.

``` 
http://www.kyngchaos.com/wiki/software/frameworks
```

Once downloaded, open and install the frameworks.

William provides an additional installer package for Postgresql (for PostGIS support).
Qgis just needs the libpq client library, so unless you want to setup the full
Postgres + PostGIS server, all you need is the client-only package.
It's available here:

``` 
http://www.kyngchaos.com/wiki/software/postgres 
```

Also available is a GRASS application:

```
http://www.kyngchaos.com/wiki/software/grass
```

=== Additional Dependencies: General compatibility note ===

There are some additional dependencies that, at the time of writing, are not
provided as frameworks or installers so we will need to build these from source.
If you are wanting to build Qgis as a 64-bit application, you will need to 
provide the appropriate build commands to produce 64-bit support in dependencies.
Likewise, for 32-bit support on Snow Leopard, you will need to override the
default system architecture, which is 64-bit, according to instructions for
individual dependency packages.

Stable release versions are preferred.  Beta and other development versions may
have problems and you are on your own with those.

=== Additional Dependencies: Expat ===

__Snow Leopard note:__ Snow Leopard includes a usable expat, so this step is 
not necessary on Snow Leopard.

Get the expat sources:

``` 
http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=10127 
```

Double-click the source tarball to unpack, then, in Terminal.app, cd to the source folder and:

```
./configure
make 
sudo make install 
```

=== Additional Dependencies: Python ===

__Leopard and Snow Leopard note:__ Leopard and Snow Leopard include a usable
Python 2.5 and 2.6, respectively. So there is no need to install Python on
Leopard and Snow Leopard. You can still install Python from python.org if preferred.

If installing from python.org, make sure you install at least the latest Python 2.x from 

```
http://www.python.org/download/
```

Python 3 is a major change, and may have compatibility issues, so try it at your own risk.

=== Additional Dependencies: SIP ===

Retrieve the python bindings toolkit SIP from

``` 
http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/sip/download
```

Double-click the source tarball to unpack it, then, in Terminal.app, cd to the source folder
and (this installs by default into the Python framework, and is appropriate only for 
python.org Python installs):

``` 
python configure.py 
make 
sudo make install 
```

__Leopard notes__

If building on Leopard, using Leopard's bundled Python, SIP wants to install in the
system path -- this is not a good idea.  Use this configure command instead of the 
basic configure above:

```
python configure.py -n -d /Library/Python/2.5/site-packages -b /usr/local/bin \
-e /usr/local/include -v /usr/local/share/sip -s MacOSX10.5.sdk
```

__Snow Leopard notes__

Similar to Leopard, you should install outside the system Python path.
Also, you need to specify the architecture you want (requires at least SIP 4.9),
and make sure to run the versioned python binary (this one responds to the
'arch' command, 'python' does not). If you are using 32-bit Qt (Qt Carbon):

```
python2.6 configure.py -n -d /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages -b /usr/local/bin \
-e /usr/local/include -v /usr/local/share/sip --arch=i386 -s MacOSX10.6.sdk
```

For 64-bit Qt (Qt Cocoa), use this configure line:

```
python2.6 configure.py -n -d /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages -b /usr/local/bin \
-e /usr/local/include -v /usr/local/share/sip --arch=x86_64 -s MacOSX10.6.sdk
```


=== Additional Dependencies: PyQt ===

Retrieve the python bindings toolkit for Qt from

``` 
http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/pyqt/download
```

Double-click the source tarball to unpack it, then, in Terminal.app, cd to the source folder
and (this installs by default into the Python framework, and is appropriate only for
python.org Python installs):

``` 
python configure.py 
yes 
```

There is a problem with the configuration that needs to be fixed now
(it affects PyQwt compilation later).  Edit pyqtconfig.py and change the qt_dir line to:

```
    'qt_dir': '/usr',
```

Then continue with compilation and installation (this is a good place to use
parallel compilation, if you can):

```
make 
sudo make install 
```

__Leopard notes__

If building on Leopard, using Leopard's bundled Python, PyQt wants to install
in the system path -- this is not a good idea.  Use this configure command
instead of the basic configure above:

```
python configure.py -d /Library/Python/2.5/site-packages -b /usr/local/bin
```

If there is a problem with undefined symbols in QtOpenGL on Leopard, edit
QtOpenGL/makefile and add ""-undefined dynamic_lookup"" to LFLAGS.
Then make again.

__Snow Leopard notes__

Similar to Leopard, you should install outside the system Python path.
Also, you need to specify the architecture you want (requires at least PyQt 4.6),
and make sure to run the versioned python binary (this one responds to the
'arch' command, which is important for pyuic4, 'python' does not).
If you are using 32-bit Qt (Qt Carbon):

```
python2.6 configure.py -d /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages -b /usr/local/bin --use-arch i386
```

For 64-bit Qt (Qt Cocoa), use this configure line:

```
python2.6 configure.py -d /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages -b /usr/local/bin --use-arch x86_64
```


=== Additional Dependencies: Qwt/PyQwt ===

The GPS tracking feature uses Qwt.  Some popular 3rd-party plugins use PyQwt.
You can take care of both with the PyQwt source from:

```
http://pyqwt.sourceforge.net/
```

Double-click the tarball to unpack it.  The following assumes PyQwt v5.2.0 (comes with Qwt 5.2.1).
Normal compilation does both Qwt and PyQwt at the same time, but Qwt is statically linked
into PyQwt, and Qgis can't use it.  So, we need to split the build.

First edit qwtconfig.pri in the qwt-5.2 subdir and change some settings so
you don't get a bloated debug static library (too bad they are not configurable from
qmake).  Scroll down to the 'release/debug mode' block.  Edit the last 'CONFIG +='
line, within an 'else' block, and change 'debug' to 'release'.  Like so:

```
    else {
        CONFIG           += release     # release/debug
    }
```

Also uncomment (remove # prefix) the line 'CONFIG += QwtDll'.  Like so:

```
CONFIG           += QwtDll
```

If you are building for Qt Carbon 32bit on Snow Leopard, add a line at the bottom:

```
CONFIG += x86
```

Save and close.

Now, cd into the qwt-5.2 subdir in a Terminal.  Type these commands to build and install:

```
qmake -spec macx-g++
make
sudo make install
sudo install_name_tool -id /usr/local/qwt-5.2.1-svn/lib/libqwt.5.dylib \
/usr/local/qwt-5.2.1-svn/lib/libqwt.5.dylib
```

The Qwt shared library is now installed in /usr/local/qwt-5.x.x[-svn] (x.x is the 
minor.point version, and it may be an SVN version).  Remember this for QGIS and PyQwt configuration.

Now for PyQwt.  Still in the Terminal:

```
cd ../configure
python configure.py --extra-include-dirs=/usr/local/qwt-5.2.1-svn/include \
--extra-lib-dirs=/usr/local/qwt-5.2.1-svn/lib --extra-libs=qwt
make
sudo make install
```

Make sure to use the qwt install path from the Qwt build above.

__Snow Leopard note__

If using Qt Carbon, you need to specify which architectures to build, otherwise
it will default to a combination that does not work (ie x86_64 for a Carbon Qt).
This is not needed for Qt Cocoa. Configure as follows:

```
python configure.py --extra-cflags="-arch i386" --extra-cxxflags="-arch i386" \
--extra-lflags="-arch i386" --extra-include-dirs=/usr/local/qwt-5.2.1-svn/include \
--extra-lib-dirs=/usr/local/qwt-5.2.1-svn/lib --extra-libs=qwt
```


=== Additional Dependencies: Bison ===

__Leopard and Snow Leopard note:__ Leopard and Snow Leopard include Bison 2.3, so this step can be skipped on Leopard and Snow Leopard.

The version of bison available by default on Mac OS X 10.4 is too old so you need to
get a more recent one on your system. Download at least version 2.3 from:

``` 
ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/
```

Now build and install it to a prefix of /usr/local.<2E> Double-click the source
tarball to unpack it, then cd to the source folder and:

``` 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local 
make
sudo make install 
```

== Install CMake for OSX ==

Get the latest source release from here:

``` 
http://www.cmake.org/cmake/resources/software.html
```

Binary installers are available for OS X, but they are not recommended
(2.4 versions install in /usr instead of /usr/local, and 2.6 versions are a
strange application). Instead, download the source, double-click the source tarball,
then cd to the source folder and:

``` 
./bootstrap --docdir=/share/doc/CMake --mandir=/share/man
make
sudo make install
```

== Install subversion for OSX ==

__Leopard and Snow Leopard note:__ Leopard and Snow Leopard (Xcode 3+)
include SVN, so this step can be skipped on Leopard and Snow Leopard.

The [http://sourceforge.net/projects/macsvn/MacSVN] project has a downloadable
build of svn. If you are a GUI inclined person you may want to grab their gui
client too. Get the command line client here:

``` 
curl -O http://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/macsvn/Subversion_1.4.2.zip 
```

Once downloaded open the zip file and run the installer.

You also need to install BerkleyDB available from the same
[http://sourceforge.net/projects/macsvn/ website]. At the time of writing the
file was here:

``` 
curl -O http://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/macsvn/Berkeley_DB_4.5.20.zip 
```

Once again unzip this and run the installer therein.

Lastly we need to ensure that the svn commandline executeable is in the path.
Add the following line to the end of /etc/bashrc using sudo:

``` 
sudo vim /etc/bashrc 
```

And add this line to the bottom before saving and quiting:

``` 
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH:/usr/local/pgsql/bin 
```

/usr/local/bin needs to be first in the path so that the newer bison (that will
be built from source further down) is found before the bison (which is very
old) that is installed by MacOSX


Now close and reopen your shell to get the updated vars.

== Check out QGIS from SVN ==

Now we are going to check out the sources for QGIS. First we will create a
directory for working in (or some folder of your choice):

``` 
mkdir -p ~/dev/cpp cd ~/dev/cpp 
```

Now we check out the sources:

Trunk:
``` 
svn co https://svn.osgeo.org/qgis/trunk/qgis qgis 
```

For a release branch version x.y.z:
``` 
svn co https://svn.qgis.org/qgis/branches/Release-x_y_z qgis-x.y.z
```

The first time you check out QGIS sources you will probably get a message like
this:

``` 
 Error validating server certificate for 'https://svn.qgis.org:443':
 - The certificate is not issued by a trusted authority. Use the fingerprint to
   validate the certificate manually!  Certificate information:
 - Hostname: svn.qgis.org
 - Valid: from Apr  1 00:30:47 2006 GMT until Mar 21 00:30:47 2008 GMT
 - Issuer: Developer Team, Quantum GIS, Anchorage, Alaska, US
 - Fingerprint: 2f:cd:f1:5a:c7:64:da:2b:d1:34:a5:20:c6:15:67:28:33:ea:7a:9b
   (R)eject, accept (t)emporarily or accept (p)ermanently?  
```

I suggest you press 'p' to accept the key permanently.

== Configure the build ==

CMake supports out of source build so we will create a 'build' dir for the
build process. OS X uses ${HOME}/Applications as a standard user app folder (it gives it the system app folder icon).
If you have the correct permissions you may want to build
straight into your /Applications folder. The instructions below assume you are
building into a pre-existing ${HOME}/Applications directory.
In a Terminal cd to the qgis source folder previously downloaded, then:

```
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=~/Applications -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
-D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=MinSizeRel \
-D WITH_INTERNAL_SPATIALITE=FALSE -D WITH_MAPSERVER=TRUE \
-D QWT_LIBRARY=/usr/local/qwt-5.2.1-svn/lib/libqwt.dylib \
-D QWT_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/local/qwt-5.2.1-svn/include \
..
```

This will automatically find and use the previously installed frameworks, and the GRASS
application if installed.

Or, to use a Unix-style build of GRASS, use the following cmake invocation
(minimum GRASS version as stated in the Qgis requirements, substitute the GRASS
path and version as required):

```
cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=~/Applications -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
-D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=MinSizeRel \
-D WITH_INTERNAL_SPATIALITE=FALSE -D WITH_MAPSERVER=TRUE \
-D QWT_LIBRARY=/usr/local/qwt-5.2.1-svn/lib/libqwt.dylib \
-D QWT_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/local/qwt-5.2.1-svn/include \
-D GRASS_PREFIX=/user/local/grass-6.4.0 \
..
```

__Snow Leopard note:__ To handle 32-bit Qt (Carbon), create a 32bit python wrapper
script and add arch flags to the configuration:

```
sudo cat >/usr/local/bin/python32 <<EOF
#!/bin/sh
exec arch -i386 /usr/bin/python2.6 \${1+"\$@"}
EOF

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/python32

cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=~/Applications -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
-D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=MinSizeRel \
-D WITH_INTERNAL_SPATIALITE=FALSE -D WITH_MAPSERVER=TRUE \
-D QWT_LIBRARY=/usr/local/qwt-5.2.1-svn/lib/libqwt.dylib \
-D QWT_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/local/qwt-5.2.1-svn/include \
-D CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES=i386 -D PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/usr/local/bin/python32 \
..
```

__Bundling note:__ Older Qt versions may have problems with some Qt plugins and Qgis.
The way to handle this is to bundle Qt inside the Qgis application.  You can do this now
or wait to see if there are immediate crashes when running Qgis.  It's also a good
idea to bundle Qt if you need to copy Qgis to other Macs (where you would have to
install Xcode just so Qt would install!).

To bundle Qt, add the following line before the last line in the above cmake configurations:

```
-D QGIS_MACAPP_BUNDLE=1 \
```

== Building ==

Now we can start the build process (remember the parallel compilation note at
the beginning, this is a good place to use it, if you can):

``` 
make 
```

If all built without errors you can then install it:

``` 
make install 
```

or, for a /Applications build:

```
sudo make install
```