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PostgreSQL/src/include/executor/execExpr.h
Tom Lane c12d570fa1 Support arrays over domains. 
Allowing arrays with a domain type as their element type was left un-done
in the original domain patch, but not for any very good reason.  This
omission leads to such surprising results as array_agg() not working on
a domain column, because the parser can't identify a suitable output type
for the polymorphic aggregate.

In order to fix this, first clean up the APIs of coerce_to_domain() and
some internal functions in parse_coerce.c so that we consistently pass
around a CoercionContext along with CoercionForm.  Previously, we sometimes
passed an "isExplicit" boolean flag instead, which is strictly less
information; and coerce_to_domain() didn't even get that, but instead had
to reverse-engineer isExplicit from CoercionForm.  That's contrary to the
documentation in primnodes.h that says that CoercionForm only affects
display and not semantics.  I don't think this change fixes any live bugs,
but it makes things more consistent.  The main reason for doing it though
is that now build_coercion_expression() receives ccontext, which it needs
in order to be able to recursively invoke coerce_to_target_type().

Next, reimplement ArrayCoerceExpr so that the node does not directly know
any details of what has to be done to the individual array elements while
performing the array coercion.  Instead, the per-element processing is
represented by a sub-expression whose input is a source array element and
whose output is a target array element.  This simplifies life in
parse_coerce.c, because it can build that sub-expression by a recursive
invocation of coerce_to_target_type().  The executor now handles the
per-element processing as a compiled expression instead of hard-wired code.
The main advantage of this is that we can use a single ArrayCoerceExpr to
handle as many as three successive steps per element: base type conversion,
typmod coercion, and domain constraint checking.  The old code used two
stacked ArrayCoerceExprs to handle type + typmod coercion, which was pretty
inefficient, and adding yet another array deconstruction to do domain
constraint checking seemed very unappetizing.

In the case where we just need a single, very simple coercion function,
doing this straightforwardly leads to a noticeable increase in the
per-array-element runtime cost.  Hence, add an additional shortcut evalfunc
in execExprInterp.c that skips unnecessary overhead for that specific form
of expression.  The runtime speed of simple cases is within 1% or so of
where it was before, while cases that previously required two levels of
array processing are significantly faster.

Finally, create an implicit array type for every domain type, as we do for
base types, enums, etc.  Everything except the array-coercion case seems
to just work without further effort.

Tom Lane, reviewed by Andrew Dunstan

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/9852.1499791473@sss.pgh.pa.us
2017-09-30 13:40:56 -04:00

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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*
* execExpr.h
* Low level infrastructure related to expression evaluation
*
*
* Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2017, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
* Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
*
* src/include/executor/execExpr.h
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
#ifndef EXEC_EXPR_H
#define EXEC_EXPR_H
#include "nodes/execnodes.h"
/* forward reference to avoid circularity */
struct ArrayRefState;
/* Bits in ExprState->flags (see also execnodes.h for public flag bits): */
/* expression's interpreter has been initialized */
#define EEO_FLAG_INTERPRETER_INITIALIZED (1 << 1)
/* jump-threading is in use */
#define EEO_FLAG_DIRECT_THREADED (1 << 2)
/*
* Discriminator for ExprEvalSteps.
*
* Identifies the operation to be executed and which member in the
* ExprEvalStep->d union is valid.
*
* The order of entries needs to be kept in sync with the dispatch_table[]
* array in execExprInterp.c:ExecInterpExpr().
*/
typedef enum ExprEvalOp
{
/* entire expression has been evaluated completely, return */
EEOP_DONE,
/* apply slot_getsomeattrs on corresponding tuple slot */
EEOP_INNER_FETCHSOME,
EEOP_OUTER_FETCHSOME,
EEOP_SCAN_FETCHSOME,
/* compute non-system Var value */
/* "FIRST" variants are used only the first time through */
EEOP_INNER_VAR_FIRST,
EEOP_INNER_VAR,
EEOP_OUTER_VAR_FIRST,
EEOP_OUTER_VAR,
EEOP_SCAN_VAR_FIRST,
EEOP_SCAN_VAR,
/* compute system Var value */
EEOP_INNER_SYSVAR,
EEOP_OUTER_SYSVAR,
EEOP_SCAN_SYSVAR,
/* compute wholerow Var */
EEOP_WHOLEROW,
/* compute non-system Var value, assign it into ExprState's resultslot */
/* (these are not used if _FIRST checks would be needed) */
EEOP_ASSIGN_INNER_VAR,
EEOP_ASSIGN_OUTER_VAR,
EEOP_ASSIGN_SCAN_VAR,
/* assign ExprState's resvalue/resnull to a column of its resultslot */
EEOP_ASSIGN_TMP,
/* ditto, applying MakeExpandedObjectReadOnly() */
EEOP_ASSIGN_TMP_MAKE_RO,
/* evaluate Const value */
EEOP_CONST,
/*
* Evaluate function call (including OpExprs etc). For speed, we
* distinguish in the opcode whether the function is strict and/or
* requires usage stats tracking.
*/
EEOP_FUNCEXPR,
EEOP_FUNCEXPR_STRICT,
EEOP_FUNCEXPR_FUSAGE,
EEOP_FUNCEXPR_STRICT_FUSAGE,
/*
* Evaluate boolean AND expression, one step per subexpression. FIRST/LAST
* subexpressions are special-cased for performance. Since AND always has
* at least two subexpressions, FIRST and LAST never apply to the same
* subexpression.
*/
EEOP_BOOL_AND_STEP_FIRST,
EEOP_BOOL_AND_STEP,
EEOP_BOOL_AND_STEP_LAST,
/* similarly for boolean OR expression */
EEOP_BOOL_OR_STEP_FIRST,
EEOP_BOOL_OR_STEP,
EEOP_BOOL_OR_STEP_LAST,
/* evaluate boolean NOT expression */
EEOP_BOOL_NOT_STEP,
/* simplified version of BOOL_AND_STEP for use by ExecQual() */
EEOP_QUAL,
/* unconditional jump to another step */
EEOP_JUMP,
/* conditional jumps based on current result value */
EEOP_JUMP_IF_NULL,
EEOP_JUMP_IF_NOT_NULL,
EEOP_JUMP_IF_NOT_TRUE,
/* perform NULL tests for scalar values */
EEOP_NULLTEST_ISNULL,
EEOP_NULLTEST_ISNOTNULL,
/* perform NULL tests for row values */
EEOP_NULLTEST_ROWISNULL,
EEOP_NULLTEST_ROWISNOTNULL,
/* evaluate a BooleanTest expression */
EEOP_BOOLTEST_IS_TRUE,
EEOP_BOOLTEST_IS_NOT_TRUE,
EEOP_BOOLTEST_IS_FALSE,
EEOP_BOOLTEST_IS_NOT_FALSE,
/* evaluate PARAM_EXEC/EXTERN parameters */
EEOP_PARAM_EXEC,
EEOP_PARAM_EXTERN,
/* return CaseTestExpr value */
EEOP_CASE_TESTVAL,
/* apply MakeExpandedObjectReadOnly() to target value */
EEOP_MAKE_READONLY,
/* evaluate assorted special-purpose expression types */
EEOP_IOCOERCE,
EEOP_DISTINCT,
EEOP_NULLIF,
EEOP_SQLVALUEFUNCTION,
EEOP_CURRENTOFEXPR,
EEOP_NEXTVALUEEXPR,
EEOP_ARRAYEXPR,
EEOP_ARRAYCOERCE,
EEOP_ROW,
/*
* Compare two individual elements of each of two compared ROW()
* expressions. Skip to ROWCOMPARE_FINAL if elements are not equal.
*/
EEOP_ROWCOMPARE_STEP,
/* evaluate boolean value based on previous ROWCOMPARE_STEP operations */
EEOP_ROWCOMPARE_FINAL,
/* evaluate GREATEST() or LEAST() */
EEOP_MINMAX,
/* evaluate FieldSelect expression */
EEOP_FIELDSELECT,
/*
* Deform tuple before evaluating new values for individual fields in a
* FieldStore expression.
*/
EEOP_FIELDSTORE_DEFORM,
/*
* Form the new tuple for a FieldStore expression. Individual fields will
* have been evaluated into columns of the tuple deformed by the preceding
* DEFORM step.
*/
EEOP_FIELDSTORE_FORM,
/* Process an array subscript; short-circuit expression to NULL if NULL */
EEOP_ARRAYREF_SUBSCRIPT,
/*
* Compute old array element/slice when an ArrayRef assignment expression
* contains ArrayRef/FieldStore subexpressions. Value is accessed using
* the CaseTest mechanism.
*/
EEOP_ARRAYREF_OLD,
/* compute new value for ArrayRef assignment expression */
EEOP_ARRAYREF_ASSIGN,
/* compute element/slice for ArrayRef fetch expression */
EEOP_ARRAYREF_FETCH,
/* evaluate value for CoerceToDomainValue */
EEOP_DOMAIN_TESTVAL,
/* evaluate a domain's NOT NULL constraint */
EEOP_DOMAIN_NOTNULL,
/* evaluate a single domain CHECK constraint */
EEOP_DOMAIN_CHECK,
/* evaluate assorted special-purpose expression types */
EEOP_CONVERT_ROWTYPE,
EEOP_SCALARARRAYOP,
EEOP_XMLEXPR,
EEOP_AGGREF,
EEOP_GROUPING_FUNC,
EEOP_WINDOW_FUNC,
EEOP_SUBPLAN,
EEOP_ALTERNATIVE_SUBPLAN,
/* non-existent operation, used e.g. to check array lengths */
EEOP_LAST
} ExprEvalOp;
typedef struct ExprEvalStep
{
/*
* Instruction to be executed. During instruction preparation this is an
* enum ExprEvalOp, but later it can be changed to some other type, e.g. a
* pointer for computed goto (that's why it's an intptr_t).
*/
intptr_t opcode;
/* where to store the result of this step */
Datum *resvalue;
bool *resnull;
/*
* Inline data for the operation. Inline data is faster to access, but
* also bloats the size of all instructions. The union should be kept to
* no more than 40 bytes on 64-bit systems (so that the entire struct is
* no more than 64 bytes, a single cacheline on common systems).
*/
union
{
/* for EEOP_INNER/OUTER/SCAN_FETCHSOME */
struct
{
/* attribute number up to which to fetch (inclusive) */
int last_var;
} fetch;
/* for EEOP_INNER/OUTER/SCAN_[SYS]VAR[_FIRST] */
struct
{
/* attnum is attr number - 1 for regular VAR ... */
/* but it's just the normal (negative) attr number for SYSVAR */
int attnum;
Oid vartype; /* type OID of variable */
} var;
/* for EEOP_WHOLEROW */
struct
{
Var *var; /* original Var node in plan tree */
bool first; /* first time through, need to initialize? */
bool slow; /* need runtime check for nulls? */
TupleDesc tupdesc; /* descriptor for resulting tuples */
JunkFilter *junkFilter; /* JunkFilter to remove resjunk cols */
} wholerow;
/* for EEOP_ASSIGN_*_VAR */
struct
{
/* target index in ExprState->resultslot->tts_values/nulls */
int resultnum;
/* source attribute number - 1 */
int attnum;
} assign_var;
/* for EEOP_ASSIGN_TMP[_MAKE_RO] */
struct
{
/* target index in ExprState->resultslot->tts_values/nulls */
int resultnum;
} assign_tmp;
/* for EEOP_CONST */
struct
{
/* constant's value */
Datum value;
bool isnull;
} constval;
/* for EEOP_FUNCEXPR_* / NULLIF / DISTINCT */
struct
{
FmgrInfo *finfo; /* function's lookup data */
FunctionCallInfo fcinfo_data; /* arguments etc */
/* faster to access without additional indirection: */
PGFunction fn_addr; /* actual call address */
int nargs; /* number of arguments */
} func;
/* for EEOP_BOOL_*_STEP */
struct
{
bool *anynull; /* track if any input was NULL */
int jumpdone; /* jump here if result determined */
} boolexpr;
/* for EEOP_QUAL */
struct
{
int jumpdone; /* jump here on false or null */
} qualexpr;
/* for EEOP_JUMP[_CONDITION] */
struct
{
int jumpdone; /* target instruction's index */
} jump;
/* for EEOP_NULLTEST_ROWIS[NOT]NULL */
struct
{
/* cached tupdesc pointer - filled at runtime */
TupleDesc argdesc;
} nulltest_row;
/* for EEOP_PARAM_EXEC/EXTERN */
struct
{
int paramid; /* numeric ID for parameter */
Oid paramtype; /* OID of parameter's datatype */
} param;
/* for EEOP_CASE_TESTVAL/DOMAIN_TESTVAL */
struct
{
Datum *value; /* value to return */
bool *isnull;
} casetest;
/* for EEOP_MAKE_READONLY */
struct
{
Datum *value; /* value to coerce to read-only */
bool *isnull;
} make_readonly;
/* for EEOP_IOCOERCE */
struct
{
/* lookup and call info for source type's output function */
FmgrInfo *finfo_out;
FunctionCallInfo fcinfo_data_out;
/* lookup and call info for result type's input function */
FmgrInfo *finfo_in;
FunctionCallInfo fcinfo_data_in;
} iocoerce;
/* for EEOP_SQLVALUEFUNCTION */
struct
{
SQLValueFunction *svf;
} sqlvaluefunction;
/* for EEOP_NEXTVALUEEXPR */
struct
{
Oid seqid;
Oid seqtypid;
} nextvalueexpr;
/* for EEOP_ARRAYEXPR */
struct
{
Datum *elemvalues; /* element values get stored here */
bool *elemnulls;
int nelems; /* length of the above arrays */
Oid elemtype; /* array element type */
int16 elemlength; /* typlen of the array element type */
bool elembyval; /* is the element type pass-by-value? */
char elemalign; /* typalign of the element type */
bool multidims; /* is array expression multi-D? */
} arrayexpr;
/* for EEOP_ARRAYCOERCE */
struct
{
ExprState *elemexprstate; /* null if no per-element work */
Oid resultelemtype; /* element type of result array */
struct ArrayMapState *amstate; /* workspace for array_map */
} arraycoerce;
/* for EEOP_ROW */
struct
{
TupleDesc tupdesc; /* descriptor for result tuples */
/* workspace for the values constituting the row: */
Datum *elemvalues;
bool *elemnulls;
} row;
/* for EEOP_ROWCOMPARE_STEP */
struct
{
/* lookup and call data for column comparison function */
FmgrInfo *finfo;
FunctionCallInfo fcinfo_data;
PGFunction fn_addr;
/* target for comparison resulting in NULL */
int jumpnull;
/* target for comparison yielding inequality */
int jumpdone;
} rowcompare_step;
/* for EEOP_ROWCOMPARE_FINAL */
struct
{
RowCompareType rctype;
} rowcompare_final;
/* for EEOP_MINMAX */
struct
{
/* workspace for argument values */
Datum *values;
bool *nulls;
int nelems;
/* is it GREATEST or LEAST? */
MinMaxOp op;
/* lookup and call data for comparison function */
FmgrInfo *finfo;
FunctionCallInfo fcinfo_data;
} minmax;
/* for EEOP_FIELDSELECT */
struct
{
AttrNumber fieldnum; /* field number to extract */
Oid resulttype; /* field's type */
/* cached tupdesc pointer - filled at runtime */
TupleDesc argdesc;
} fieldselect;
/* for EEOP_FIELDSTORE_DEFORM / FIELDSTORE_FORM */
struct
{
/* original expression node */
FieldStore *fstore;
/* cached tupdesc pointer - filled at runtime */
/* note that a DEFORM and FORM pair share the same tupdesc */
TupleDesc *argdesc;
/* workspace for column values */
Datum *values;
bool *nulls;
int ncolumns;
} fieldstore;
/* for EEOP_ARRAYREF_SUBSCRIPT */
struct
{
/* too big to have inline */
struct ArrayRefState *state;
int off; /* 0-based index of this subscript */
bool isupper; /* is it upper or lower subscript? */
int jumpdone; /* jump here on null */
} arrayref_subscript;
/* for EEOP_ARRAYREF_OLD / ASSIGN / FETCH */
struct
{
/* too big to have inline */
struct ArrayRefState *state;
} arrayref;
/* for EEOP_DOMAIN_NOTNULL / DOMAIN_CHECK */
struct
{
/* name of constraint */
char *constraintname;
/* where the result of a CHECK constraint will be stored */
Datum *checkvalue;
bool *checknull;
/* OID of domain type */
Oid resulttype;
} domaincheck;
/* for EEOP_CONVERT_ROWTYPE */
struct
{
ConvertRowtypeExpr *convert; /* original expression */
/* these three fields are filled at runtime: */
TupleDesc indesc; /* tupdesc for input type */
TupleDesc outdesc; /* tupdesc for output type */
TupleConversionMap *map; /* column mapping */
bool initialized; /* initialized for current types? */
} convert_rowtype;
/* for EEOP_SCALARARRAYOP */
struct
{
/* element_type/typlen/typbyval/typalign are filled at runtime */
Oid element_type; /* InvalidOid if not yet filled */
bool useOr; /* use OR or AND semantics? */
int16 typlen; /* array element type storage info */
bool typbyval;
char typalign;
FmgrInfo *finfo; /* function's lookup data */
FunctionCallInfo fcinfo_data; /* arguments etc */
/* faster to access without additional indirection: */
PGFunction fn_addr; /* actual call address */
} scalararrayop;
/* for EEOP_XMLEXPR */
struct
{
XmlExpr *xexpr; /* original expression node */
/* workspace for evaluating named args, if any */
Datum *named_argvalue;
bool *named_argnull;
/* workspace for evaluating unnamed args, if any */
Datum *argvalue;
bool *argnull;
} xmlexpr;
/* for EEOP_AGGREF */
struct
{
/* out-of-line state, modified by nodeAgg.c */
AggrefExprState *astate;
} aggref;
/* for EEOP_GROUPING_FUNC */
struct
{
AggState *parent; /* parent Agg */
List *clauses; /* integer list of column numbers */
} grouping_func;
/* for EEOP_WINDOW_FUNC */
struct
{
/* out-of-line state, modified by nodeWindowFunc.c */
WindowFuncExprState *wfstate;
} window_func;
/* for EEOP_SUBPLAN */
struct
{
/* out-of-line state, created by nodeSubplan.c */
SubPlanState *sstate;
} subplan;
/* for EEOP_ALTERNATIVE_SUBPLAN */
struct
{
/* out-of-line state, created by nodeSubplan.c */
AlternativeSubPlanState *asstate;
} alternative_subplan;
} d;
} ExprEvalStep;
/* Non-inline data for array operations */
typedef struct ArrayRefState
{
bool isassignment; /* is it assignment, or just fetch? */
Oid refelemtype; /* OID of the array element type */
int16 refattrlength; /* typlen of array type */
int16 refelemlength; /* typlen of the array element type */
bool refelembyval; /* is the element type pass-by-value? */
char refelemalign; /* typalign of the element type */
/* numupper and upperprovided[] are filled at compile time */
/* at runtime, extracted subscript datums get stored in upperindex[] */
int numupper;
bool upperprovided[MAXDIM];
int upperindex[MAXDIM];
/* similarly for lower indexes, if any */
int numlower;
bool lowerprovided[MAXDIM];
int lowerindex[MAXDIM];
/* subscript expressions get evaluated into here */
Datum subscriptvalue;
bool subscriptnull;
/* for assignment, new value to assign is evaluated into here */
Datum replacevalue;
bool replacenull;
/* if we have a nested assignment, ARRAYREF_OLD puts old value here */
Datum prevvalue;
bool prevnull;
} ArrayRefState;
extern void ExecReadyInterpretedExpr(ExprState *state);
extern ExprEvalOp ExecEvalStepOp(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
/*
* Non fast-path execution functions. These are externs instead of statics in
* execExprInterp.c, because that allows them to be used by other methods of
* expression evaluation, reducing code duplication.
*/
extern void ExecEvalParamExec(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op,
ExprContext *econtext);
extern void ExecEvalParamExtern(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op,
ExprContext *econtext);
extern void ExecEvalSQLValueFunction(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalCurrentOfExpr(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalNextValueExpr(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalRowNull(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op,
ExprContext *econtext);
extern void ExecEvalRowNotNull(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op,
ExprContext *econtext);
extern void ExecEvalArrayExpr(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalArrayCoerce(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op,
ExprContext *econtext);
extern void ExecEvalRow(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalMinMax(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalFieldSelect(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op,
ExprContext *econtext);
extern void ExecEvalFieldStoreDeForm(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op,
ExprContext *econtext);
extern void ExecEvalFieldStoreForm(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op,
ExprContext *econtext);
extern bool ExecEvalArrayRefSubscript(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalArrayRefFetch(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalArrayRefOld(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalArrayRefAssign(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalConvertRowtype(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op,
ExprContext *econtext);
extern void ExecEvalScalarArrayOp(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalConstraintNotNull(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalConstraintCheck(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalXmlExpr(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalGroupingFunc(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op);
extern void ExecEvalSubPlan(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op,
ExprContext *econtext);
extern void ExecEvalAlternativeSubPlan(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op,
ExprContext *econtext);
extern void ExecEvalWholeRowVar(ExprState *state, ExprEvalStep *op,
ExprContext *econtext);
#endif /* EXEC_EXPR_H */
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