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			887 lines
		
	
	
		
			45 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Plaintext
		
	
	
	
	
	
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                     PostgreSQL Installation Instructions
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This document describes the installation of PostgreSQL from the source code
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distribution.
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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                                 Short Version
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  ./configure
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  gmake
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  su
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  gmake install
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  adduser postgres
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  mkdir /usr/local/pgsql/data
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  chown postgres /usr/local/pgsql/data
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  su - postgres
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  /usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
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  /usr/local/pgsql/bin/postmaster -D /usr/local/pgsql/data >logfile 2>&1 &
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  /usr/local/pgsql/bin/createdb test
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  /usr/local/pgsql/bin/psql test
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The long version is the rest of this document.
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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                                 Requirements
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In general, a modern Unix-compatible platform should be able to run PostgreSQL.
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The platforms that had received specific testing at the time of release are
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listed in the Section called Supported Platforms below. In the "doc"
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subdirectory of the distribution there are several platform-specific FAQ
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documents you might wish to consult if you are having trouble.
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The following software packages are required for building PostgreSQL:
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    * GNU make is required; other make programs will *not* work. GNU make is
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      often installed under the name "gmake"; this document will always refer
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      to it by that name. (On some systems GNU make is the default tool with
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      the name "make".) To test for GNU make enter
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        gmake --version
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      It is recommended to use version 3.76.1 or later.
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    * You need an ISO/ANSI C compiler. Recent versions of GCC are
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      recommendable, but PostgreSQL is known to build with a wide variety of
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      compilers from different vendors.
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    * gzip is needed to unpack the distribution in the first place. If you are
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      reading this, you probably already got past that hurdle.
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    * The GNU Readline library (for comfortable line editing and command
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      history retrieval) will be used by default. If you don't want to use it
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      then you must specify the "--without-readline" option for "configure".
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      (On NetBSD, the "libedit" library is readline-compatible and is used if
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      "libreadline" is not found.)
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    * To build on Windows NT or Windows 2000 you need the Cygwin and cygipc
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      packages. See the file "doc/FAQ_MSWIN" for details.
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The following packages are optional. They are not required in the default
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configuration, but they are needed when certain build options are enabled, as
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explained below.
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    * To build the server programming language PL/Perl you need a full Perl
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      installation, including the "libperl" library and the header files. Since
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      PL/Perl will be a shared library, the "libperl" library must be a shared
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      library also on most platforms. This appears to be the default in recent
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      Perl versions, but it was not in earlier versions, and in general it is
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      the choice of whomever installed Perl at your site.
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      If you don't have the shared library but you need one, a message like
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      this will appear during the build to point out this fact:
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        *** Cannot build PL/Perl because libperl is not a shared library.
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        *** You might have to rebuild your Perl installation.  Refer to
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        *** the documentation for details.
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      (If you don't follow the on-screen output you will merely notice that the
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      PL/Perl library object, "plperl.so" or similar, will not be installed.)
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      If you see this, you will have to rebuild and install Perl manually to be
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      able to build PL/Perl. During the configuration process for Perl, request
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      a shared library.
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    * To build the Python interface module or the PL/Python server programming
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      language, you need a Python installation, including the header files.
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      Since PL/Python will be a shared library, the "libpython" library must be
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      a shared library also on most platforms. This is not the case in a
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      default Python installation.
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      If after building and installing you have a file called "plpython.so"
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      (possibly a different extension), then everything went well. Otherwise
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      you should have seen a notice like this flying by:
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        *** Cannot build PL/Python because libpython is not a shared library.
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        *** You might have to rebuild your Python installation.  Refer to
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        *** the documentation for details.
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      That means you have to rebuild (part of) your Python installation to
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      supply this shared library.
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      The catch is that the Python distribution or the Python maintainers do
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      not provide any direct way to do this. The closest thing we can offer you
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      is the information in Python FAQ 3.30. On some operating systems you
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      don't really have to build a shared library, but then you will have to
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      convince the PostgreSQL build system of this. Consult the "Makefile" in
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      the "src/pl/plpython" directory for details.
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    * If you want to build Tcl or Tk components (clients and the PL/Tcl
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      language) you of course need a Tcl installation.
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    * To build the JDBC driver, you need Ant 1.5 or higher and a JDK. Ant is a
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      special tool for building Java-based packages. It can be downloaded from
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      the Ant web site.
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      If you have several Java compilers installed, it depends on the Ant
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      configuration which one gets used. Precompiled Ant distributions are
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      typically set up to read a file ".antrc" in the current user's home
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      directory for configuration. For example, to use a different JDK than the
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      default, this may work:
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        JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/sun-jdk1.3
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        JAVACMD=$JAVA_HOME/bin/java
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           Note: Do not try to build the driver by calling "ant" or even
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           "javac" directly. This will not work. Run "gmake" normally as
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           described below.
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    * To enable Native Language Support (NLS), that is, the ability to display
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      a program's messages in a language other than English, you need an
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      implementation of the Gettext API. Some operating systems have this
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      built-in (e.g., Linux, NetBSD, Solaris), for other systems you can
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      download an add-on package from here: http://www.postgresql.org/~petere/
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      gettext.html. If you are using the gettext implementation in the GNU C
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      library then you will additionally need the GNU Gettext package for some
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      utility programs. For any of the other implementations you will not need
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      it.
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    * Kerberos, OpenSSL, or PAM, if you want to support authentication using
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      these services.
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If you are build from a CVS tree instead of using a released source package, or
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if you want to do development, you also need the following packages:
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    * Flex and Bison are needed to build a CVS checkout or if you changed the
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      actual scanner and parser definition files. If you need them, be sure to
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      get Flex 2.5.4 or later and Bison 1.50 or later. Other yacc programs can
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      sometimes be used, but doing so requires extra effort and is not
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      recommended. Other lex programs will definitely not work.
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If you need to get a GNU package, you can find it at your local GNU mirror site
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(see http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html for a list) or at ftp://ftp.gnu.org/
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gnu/.
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Also check that you have sufficient disk space. You will need about 65 MB for
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the source tree during compilation and about 15 MB for the installation
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directory. An empty database cluster takes about 25 MB, databases take about
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five times the amount of space that a flat text file with the same data would
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take. If you are going to run the regression tests you will temporarily need up
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to an extra 90 MB. Use the "df" command to check for disk space.
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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                             If You Are Upgrading
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The internal data storage format changes with new releases of PostgreSQL.
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Therefore, if you are upgrading an existing installation that does not have a
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version number "7.3.x", you must back up and restore your data as shown here.
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These instructions assume that your existing installation is under the "/usr/
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local/pgsql" directory, and that the data area is in "/usr/local/pgsql/data".
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Substitute your paths appropriately.
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   1. Make sure that your database is not updated during or after the backup.
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      This does not affect the integrity of the backup, but the changed data
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      would of course not be included. If necessary, edit the permissions in
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      the file "/usr/local/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf" (or equivalent) to disallow
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      access from everyone except you.
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   2. To back up your database installation, type:
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        pg_dumpall > outputfile
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      If you need to preserve OIDs (such as when using them as foreign keys),
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      then use the "-o" option when running "pg_dumpall".
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      "pg_dumpall" does not save large objects. Check the Administrator's Guide
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      if you need to do this.
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      To make the backup, you can use the "pg_dumpall" command from the version
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      you are currently running. For best results, however, try to use the
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      "pg_dumpall" command from PostgreSQL 7.3, since this version contains
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      bug fixes and improvements over older versions. While this advice might
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      seem idiosyncratic since you haven't installed the new version yet, it is
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      advisable to follow it if you plan to install the new version in parallel
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      with the old version. In that case you can complete the installation
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      normally and transfer the data later. This will also decrease the
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      downtime.
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   3. If you are installing the new version at the same location as the old one
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      then shut down the old server, at the latest before you install the new
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      files:
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        kill -INT `cat /usr/local/pgsql/data/postmaster.pid`
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      Versions prior to 7.0 do not have this "postmaster.pid" file. If you are
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      using such a version you must find out the process id of the server
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      yourself, for example by typing "ps ax | grep postmaster", and supply it
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      to the "kill" command.
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      On systems that have PostgreSQL started at boot time, there is probably a
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      start-up file that will accomplish the same thing. For example, on a Red
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      Hat Linux system one might find that
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        /etc/rc.d/init.d/postgresql stop
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      works. Another possibility is "pg_ctl stop".
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   4. If you are installing in the same place as the old version then it is
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      also a good idea to move the old installation out of the way, in case you
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      have trouble and need to revert to it. Use a command like this:
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        mv /usr/local/pgsql /usr/local/pgsql.old
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After you have installed PostgreSQL 7.3, create a new database directory and
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start the new server. Remember that you must execute these commands while
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logged in to the special database user account (which you already have if you
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are upgrading).
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  /usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
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  /usr/local/pgsql/bin/postmaster -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
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Finally, restore your data with
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  /usr/local/pgsql/bin/psql -d template1 -f outputfile
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using the *new* psql.
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These topics are discussed at length in the Administrator's Guide, which you
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are encouraged to read in any case.
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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                            Installation Procedure
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   1. Configuration
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      The first step of the installation procedure is to configure the source
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      tree for your system and choose the options you would like. This is done
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      by running the "configure" script. For a default installation simply
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      enter
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        ./configure
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      This script will run a number of tests to guess values for various system
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      dependent variables and detect some quirks of your operating system, and
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      finally will create several files in the build tree to record what it
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      found. (You can also run "configure" in a directory outside the source
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      tree if you want to keep the build directory separate.)
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      The default configuration will build the server and utilities, as well as
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      all client applications and interfaces that require only a C compiler.
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      All files will be installed under "/usr/local/pgsql" by default.
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      You can customize the build and installation process by supplying one or
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      more of the following command line options to "configure":
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        --prefix=PREFIX
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            Install all files under the directory "PREFIX" instead of "/usr/
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            local/pgsql". The actual files will be installed into various
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            subdirectories; no files will ever be installed directly into the
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            "PREFIX" directory.
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            If you have special needs, you can also customize the individual
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            subdirectories with the following options.
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        --exec-prefix=EXEC-PREFIX
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            You can install architecture-dependent files under a different
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            prefix, "EXEC-PREFIX", than what "PREFIX" was set to. This can be
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            useful to share architecture-independent files between hosts. If
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            you omit this, then "EXEC-PREFIX" is set equal to "PREFIX" and both
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            architecture-dependent and independent files will be installed
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            under the same tree, which is probably what you want.
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        --bindir=DIRECTORY
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            Specifies the directory for executable programs. The default is
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            "EXEC-PREFIX/bin", which normally means "/usr/local/pgsql/bin".
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        --datadir=DIRECTORY
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            Sets the directory for read-only data files used by the installed
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            programs. The default is "PREFIX/share". Note that this has nothing
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            to do with where your database files will be placed.
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        --sysconfdir=DIRECTORY
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            The directory for various configuration files, "PREFIX/etc" by
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            default.
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        --libdir=DIRECTORY
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            The location to install libraries and dynamically loadable modules.
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            The default is "EXEC-PREFIX/lib".
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        --includedir=DIRECTORY
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            The directory for installing C and C++ header files. The default is
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            "PREFIX/include".
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        --docdir=DIRECTORY
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            Documentation files, except "man" pages, will be installed into
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            this directory. The default is "PREFIX/doc".
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        --mandir=DIRECTORY
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            The man pages that come with PostgreSQL will be installed under
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            this directory, in their respective "manx" subdirectories. The
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            default is "PREFIX/man".
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           Note: Care has been taken to make it possible to install
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           PostgreSQL into shared installation locations (such as "/usr/
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           local/include") without interfering with the namespace of the
 | 
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           rest of the system. First, the string "/postgresql" is
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           automatically appended to datadir, sysconfdir, and docdir,
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           unless the fully expanded directory name already contains the
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           string "postgres" or "pgsql". For example, if you choose "/usr/
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           local" as prefix, the documentation will be installed in "/usr/
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           local/doc/postgresql", but if the prefix is "/opt/postgres",
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           then it will be in "/opt/postgres/doc". The public C header
 | 
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           files of the client interfaces are installed into includedir
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           and are namespace-clean. The internal header files and the
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           server header files are installed into private directories
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           under includedir. See the Programmer's Guide for information
 | 
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           about how to get at the header files for each interface.
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           Finally, a private subdirectory will also be created, if
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           appropriate, under libdir for dynamically loadable modules.
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        --with-includes=DIRECTORIES
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            "DIRECTORIES" is a colon-separated list of directories that will be
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            added to the list the compiler searches for header files. If you
 | 
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            have optional packages (such as GNU Readline) installed in a non-
 | 
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            standard location, you have to use this option and probably also
 | 
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            the corresponding "--with-libraries" option.
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            Example: --with-includes=/opt/gnu/include:/usr/sup/include.
 | 
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        --with-libraries=DIRECTORIES
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            "DIRECTORIES" is a colon-separated list of directories to search
 | 
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            for libraries. You will probably have to use this option (and the
 | 
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            corresponding "--with-includes" option) if you have packages
 | 
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            installed in non-standard locations.
 | 
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            Example: --with-libraries=/opt/gnu/lib:/usr/sup/lib.
 | 
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 | 
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        --enable-recode
 | 
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 | 
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            Enables single-byte character set recode support. See the
 | 
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            Administrator's Guide about this feature. Note that a more general
 | 
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            form of character set conversion is supported in the default
 | 
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            configuration; this feature is obsolete.
 | 
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 | 
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        --enable-nls[=LANGUAGES]
 | 
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 | 
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            Enables Native Language Support (NLS), that is, the ability to
 | 
						|
            display a program's messages in a language other than English.
 | 
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            "LANGUAGES" is a space separated list of codes of the languages
 | 
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            that you want supported, for example --enable-nls='de fr'. (The
 | 
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            intersection between your list and the set of actually provided
 | 
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            translations will be computed automatically.) If you do not specify
 | 
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            a list, then all available translations are installed.
 | 
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            To use this option, you will need an implementation of the gettext
 | 
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            API; see above.
 | 
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 | 
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        --with-pgport=NUMBER
 | 
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 | 
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            Set "NUMBER" as the default port number for server and clients. The
 | 
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            default is 5432. The port can always be changed later on, but if
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            you specify it here then both server and clients will have the same
 | 
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            default compiled in, which can be very convenient. Usually the only
 | 
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            good reason to select a non-default value is if you intend to run
 | 
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            multiple PostgreSQL servers on the same machine.
 | 
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 | 
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        --with-perl
 | 
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 | 
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            Build the PL/Perl server-side language.
 | 
						|
 | 
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        --with-python
 | 
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            Build the Python interface module and the PL/Python server-side
 | 
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            language. You need to have root access to be able to install the
 | 
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            Python module at its default place ("/usr/lib/pythonx.y").
 | 
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 | 
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        --with-tcl
 | 
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 | 
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            Build components that require Tcl/Tk, which are libpgtcl, pgtclsh,
 | 
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            pgtksh, and PL/Tcl. But see below about "--without-tk".
 | 
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 | 
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        --without-tk
 | 
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 | 
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            If you specify "--with-tcl" and this option, then the program that
 | 
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            requires Tk (pgtksh) will be excluded.
 | 
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 | 
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        --with-tclconfig=DIRECTORY, --with-tkconfig=DIRECTORY
 | 
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 | 
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            Tcl/Tk installs the files "tclConfig.sh" and "tkConfig.sh", which
 | 
						|
            contain configuration information needed to build modules
 | 
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            interfacing to Tcl or Tk. These files are normally found
 | 
						|
            automatically at their well-known locations, but if you want to use
 | 
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            a different version of Tcl or Tk you can specify the directory in
 | 
						|
            which to find them.
 | 
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 | 
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        --with-java
 | 
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 | 
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            Build the JDBC driver and associated Java packages.
 | 
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 | 
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        --with-krb4[=DIRECTORY], --with-krb5[=DIRECTORY]
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
            Build with support for Kerberos authentication. You can use either
 | 
						|
            Kerberos version 4 or 5, but not both. The "DIRECTORY" argument
 | 
						|
            specifies the root directory of the Kerberos installation; "/usr/
 | 
						|
            athena" is assumed as default. If the relevant header files and
 | 
						|
            libraries are not under a common parent directory, then you must
 | 
						|
            use the "--with-includes" and "--with-libraries" options in
 | 
						|
            addition to this option. If, on the other hand, the required files
 | 
						|
            are in a location that is searched by default (e.g., "/usr/lib"),
 | 
						|
            then you can leave off the argument.
 | 
						|
            "configure" will check for the required header files and libraries
 | 
						|
            to make sure that your Kerberos installation is sufficient before
 | 
						|
            proceeding.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        --with-krb-srvnam=NAME
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
            The name of the Kerberos service principal. postgres is the
 | 
						|
            default. There's probably no reason to change this.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        --with-openssl[=DIRECTORY]
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
            Build with support for SSL (encrypted) connections. This requires
 | 
						|
            the OpenSSL package to be installed. The "DIRECTORY" argument
 | 
						|
            specifies the root directory of the OpenSSL installation; the
 | 
						|
            default is "/usr/local/ssl".
 | 
						|
            "configure" will check for the required header files and libraries
 | 
						|
            to make sure that your OpenSSL installation is sufficient before
 | 
						|
            proceeding.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        --with-pam
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
             Build with PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) support.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        --without-readline
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
            Prevents the use of the Readline library. This disables command-
 | 
						|
            line editing and history in psql, so it is not recommended.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        --without-zlib
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
            Prevents the use of the Zlib library. This disables compression
 | 
						|
            support in pg_dump. This option is only intended for those rare
 | 
						|
            systems where this library is not available.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        --enable-debug
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
            Compiles all programs and libraries with debugging symbols. This
 | 
						|
            means that you can run the programs through a debugger to analyze
 | 
						|
            problems. This enlarges the size of the installed executables
 | 
						|
            considerably, and on non-GCC compilers it usually also disables
 | 
						|
            compiler optimization, causing slowdowns. However, having the
 | 
						|
            symbols available is extremely helpful for dealing with any
 | 
						|
            problems that may arise. Currently, this option is recommended for
 | 
						|
            production installations only if you use GCC. But you should always
 | 
						|
            have it on if you are doing development work or running a beta
 | 
						|
            version.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        --enable-cassert
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
             Enables assertion checks in the server, which test for many "can't
 | 
						|
            happen" conditions. This is invaluable for code development
 | 
						|
            purposes, but the tests slow things down a little. Also, having the
 | 
						|
            tests turned on won't necessarily enhance the stability of your
 | 
						|
            server! The assertion checks are not categorized for severity, and
 | 
						|
            so what might be a relatively harmless bug will still lead to
 | 
						|
            server restarts if it triggers an assertion failure. Currently,
 | 
						|
            this option is not recommended for production use, but you should
 | 
						|
            have it on for development work or when running a beta version.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        --enable-depend
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
             Enables automatic dependency tracking. With this option, the
 | 
						|
            makefiles are set up so that all affected object files will be
 | 
						|
            rebuilt when any header file is changed. This is useful if you are
 | 
						|
            doing development work, but is just wasted overhead if you intend
 | 
						|
            only to compile once and install. At present, this option will work
 | 
						|
            only if you use GCC.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      If you prefer a C compiler different from the one "configure" picks then
 | 
						|
      you can set the environment variable CC to the program of your choice. By
 | 
						|
      default, "configure" will pick "gcc" unless this is inappropriate for the
 | 
						|
      platform. Similarly, you can override the default compiler flags with the
 | 
						|
      CFLAGS variable.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      You can specify environment variables on the "configure" command line,
 | 
						|
      for example:
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        ./configure CC=/opt/bin/gcc CFLAGS='-O2 -pipe'
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
   2. Build
 | 
						|
      To start the build, type
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        gmake
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      (Remember to use GNU make.) The build may take anywhere from 5 minutes to
 | 
						|
      half an hour depending on your hardware. The last line displayed should
 | 
						|
      be
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        All of PostgreSQL is successfully made. Ready to install.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
   3. Regression Tests
 | 
						|
      If you want to test the newly built server before you install it, you can
 | 
						|
      run the regression tests at this point. The regression tests are a test
 | 
						|
      suite to verify that PostgreSQL runs on your machine in the way the
 | 
						|
      developers expected it to. Type
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        gmake check
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      (This won't work as root; do it as an unprivileged user.) It is possible
 | 
						|
      that some tests fail, due to differences in error message wording or
 | 
						|
      floating point results. The file "src/test/regress/README" and the
 | 
						|
      Administrator's Guide contain detailed information about interpreting the
 | 
						|
      test results. You can repeat this test at any later time by issuing the
 | 
						|
      same command.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
   4. Installing The Files
 | 
						|
           Note: If you are upgrading an existing system and are going to
 | 
						|
           install the new files over the old ones, then you should have
 | 
						|
           backed up your data and shut down the old server by now, as
 | 
						|
           explained in the Section called If You Are Upgrading above.
 | 
						|
      To install PostgreSQL enter
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        gmake install
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      This will install files into the directories that were specified in step
 | 
						|
      1. Make sure that you have appropriate permissions to write into that
 | 
						|
      area. Normally you need to do this step as root. Alternatively, you could
 | 
						|
      create the target directories in advance and arrange for appropriate
 | 
						|
      permissions to be granted.
 | 
						|
      You can use gmake install-strip instead of gmake install to strip the
 | 
						|
      executable files and libraries as they are installed. This will save some
 | 
						|
      space. If you built with debugging support, stripping will effectively
 | 
						|
      remove the debugging support, so it should only be done if debugging is
 | 
						|
      no longer needed. install-strip tries to do a reasonable job saving
 | 
						|
      space, but it does not have perfect knowledge of how to strip every
 | 
						|
      unneeded byte from an executable file, so if you want to save all the
 | 
						|
      disk space you possibly can, you will have to do manual work.
 | 
						|
      If you built the Python interfaces and you were not the root user when
 | 
						|
      you executed the above command then that part of the installation
 | 
						|
      probably failed. In that case you should become the root user and then do
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        gmake -C src/interfaces/python install
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      If you do not have superuser access you are on your own: you can still
 | 
						|
      take the required files and place them in other directories where Python
 | 
						|
      can find them, but how to do that is left as an exercise.
 | 
						|
      The standard installation provides only the header files needed for
 | 
						|
      client application development. If you plan to do any server-side program
 | 
						|
      development (such as custom functions or data types written in C), then
 | 
						|
      you may want to install the entire PostgreSQL include tree into your
 | 
						|
      target include directory. To do that, enter
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        gmake install-all-headers
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      This adds a megabyte or two to the installation footprint, and is only
 | 
						|
      useful if you don't plan to keep the whole source tree around for
 | 
						|
      reference. (If you do, you can just use the source's include directory
 | 
						|
      when building server-side software.)
 | 
						|
      Client-only installation: If you want to install only the client
 | 
						|
      applications and interface libraries, then you can use these commands:
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        gmake -C src/bin install
 | 
						|
        gmake -C src/include install
 | 
						|
        gmake -C src/interfaces install
 | 
						|
        gmake -C doc install
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
Uninstallation: To undo the installation use the command "gmake uninstall".
 | 
						|
However, this will not remove any created directories.
 | 
						|
Cleaning: After the installation you can make room by removing the built files
 | 
						|
from the source tree with the command "gmake clean". This will preserve the
 | 
						|
files made by the configure program, so that you can rebuild everything with
 | 
						|
"gmake" later on. To reset the source tree to the state in which it was
 | 
						|
distributed, use "gmake distclean". If you are going to build for several
 | 
						|
platforms from the same source tree you must do this and re-configure for each
 | 
						|
build.
 | 
						|
If you perform a build and then discover that your configure options were
 | 
						|
wrong, or if you change anything that configure investigates (for example,
 | 
						|
software upgrades), then it's a good idea to do "gmake distclean" before
 | 
						|
reconfiguring and rebuilding. Without this, your changes in configuration
 | 
						|
choices may not propagate everywhere they need to.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
                            Post-Installation Setup
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
Shared Libraries
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
On some systems that have shared libraries (which most systems do) you need to
 | 
						|
tell your system how to find the newly installed shared libraries. The systems
 | 
						|
on which this is *not* necessary include BSD/OS, FreeBSD, HP-UX, IRIX, Linux,
 | 
						|
NetBSD, OpenBSD, Tru64 UNIX (formerly Digital UNIX), and Solaris.
 | 
						|
The method to set the shared library search path varies between platforms, but
 | 
						|
the most widely usable method is to set the environment variable
 | 
						|
LD_LIBRARY_PATH like so: In Bourne shells ("sh", "ksh", "bash", "zsh")
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
  LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/pgsql/lib
 | 
						|
  export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
or in "csh" or "tcsh"
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
  setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH /usr/local/pgsql/lib
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
Replace /usr/local/pgsql/lib with whatever you set "--libdir" to in step 1. You
 | 
						|
should put these commands into a shell start-up file such as "/etc/profile" or
 | 
						|
"~/.bash_profile". Some good information about the caveats associated with this
 | 
						|
method can be found at http://www.visi.com/~barr/ldpath.html.
 | 
						|
On some systems it might be preferable to set the environment variable
 | 
						|
LD_RUN_PATH *before* building.
 | 
						|
On Cygwin, put the library directory in the PATH or move the ".dll" files into
 | 
						|
the "bin/" directory.
 | 
						|
If in doubt, refer to the manual pages of your system (perhaps "ld.so" or
 | 
						|
"rld"). If you later on get a message like
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
  psql: error in loading shared libraries
 | 
						|
  libpq.so.2.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
then this step was necessary. Simply take care of it then.
 | 
						|
If you are on BSD/OS, Linux, or SunOS 4 and you have root access you can run
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
  /sbin/ldconfig /usr/local/pgsql/lib
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
(or equivalent directory) after installation to enable the run-time linker to
 | 
						|
find the shared libraries faster. Refer to the manual page of "ldconfig" for
 | 
						|
more information. On FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD the command is
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
  /sbin/ldconfig -m /usr/local/pgsql/lib
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
instead. Other systems are not known to have an equivalent command.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
Environment Variables
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
If you installed into "/usr/local/pgsql" or some other location that is not
 | 
						|
searched for programs by default, you should add "/usr/local/pgsql/bin" (or
 | 
						|
whatever you set "--bindir" to in step 1) into your PATH. Strictly speaking,
 | 
						|
this is not necessary, but it will make the use of PostgreSQL much more
 | 
						|
convenient.
 | 
						|
To do this, add the following to your shell start-up file, such as
 | 
						|
"~/.bash_profile" (or "/etc/profile", if you want it to affect every user):
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
  PATH=/usr/local/pgsql/bin:$PATH
 | 
						|
  export PATH
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
If you are using "csh" or "tcsh", then use this command:
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
  set path = ( /usr/local/pgsql/bin $path )
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
To enable your system to find the man documentation, you need to add a line
 | 
						|
like the following to a shell start-up file unless you installed into a
 | 
						|
location that is searched by default.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
  MANPATH=/usr/local/pgsql/man:$MANPATH
 | 
						|
  export MANPATH
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
The environment variables PGHOST and PGPORT specify to client applications the
 | 
						|
host and port of the database server, overriding the compiled-in defaults. If
 | 
						|
you are going to run client applications remotely then it is convenient if
 | 
						|
every user that plans to use the database sets PGHOST. This is not required,
 | 
						|
however: the settings can be communicated via command line options to most
 | 
						|
client programs.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
                                Getting Started
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
The following is a quick summary of how to get PostgreSQL up and running once
 | 
						|
installed. The Administrator's Guide contains more information.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
   1. Create a user account for the PostgreSQL server. This is the user the
 | 
						|
      server will run as. For production use you should create a separate,
 | 
						|
      unprivileged account ("postgres" is commonly used). If you do not have
 | 
						|
      root access or just want to play around, your own user account is enough,
 | 
						|
      but running the server as root is a security risk and will not work.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        adduser postgres
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
   2. Create a database installation with the "initdb" command. To run "initdb"
 | 
						|
      you must be logged in to your PostgreSQL server account. It will not work
 | 
						|
      as root.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        root# mkdir /usr/local/pgsql/data
 | 
						|
        root# chown postgres /usr/local/pgsql/data
 | 
						|
        root# su - postgres
 | 
						|
        postgres$ /usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      The "-D" option specifies the location where the data will be stored. You
 | 
						|
      can use any path you want, it does not have to be under the installation
 | 
						|
      directory. Just make sure that the server account can write to the
 | 
						|
      directory (or create it, if it doesn't already exist) before starting
 | 
						|
      "initdb", as illustrated here.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
   3. The previous step should have told you how to start up the database
 | 
						|
      server. Do so now. The command should look something like
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        /usr/local/pgsql/bin/postmaster -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      This will start the server in the foreground. To put the server in the
 | 
						|
      background use something like
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        nohup /usr/local/pgsql/bin/postmaster -D /usr/local/pgsql/data \
 | 
						|
            </dev/null >>server.log 2>&1 </dev/null &
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      To stop a server running in the background you can type
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        kill `cat /usr/local/pgsql/data/postmaster.pid`
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      In order to allow TCP/IP connections (rather than only Unix domain socket
 | 
						|
      ones) you need to pass the "-i" option to "postmaster".
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
   4. Create a database:
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        createdb testdb
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      Then enter
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        psql testdb
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
      to connect to that database. At the prompt you can enter SQL commands and
 | 
						|
      start experimenting.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
                                   What Now?
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    * The PostgreSQL distribution contains a comprehensive documentation set,
 | 
						|
      which you should read sometime. After installation, the documentation can
 | 
						|
      be accessed by pointing your browser to "/usr/local/pgsql/doc/html/
 | 
						|
      index.html", unless you changed the installation directories.
 | 
						|
      The Tutorial should be your first reading if you are completely new to
 | 
						|
      SQL databases. If you are familiar with database concepts then you want
 | 
						|
      to proceed with the Administrator's Guide, which contains information
 | 
						|
      about how to set up the database server, database users, and
 | 
						|
      authentication.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    * Usually, you will want to modify your computer so that it will
 | 
						|
      automatically start the database server whenever it boots. Some
 | 
						|
      suggestions for this are in the Administrator's Guide.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    * Run the regression tests against the installed server (using the
 | 
						|
      sequential test method). If you didn't run the tests before installation,
 | 
						|
      you should definitely do it now. This is also explained in the
 | 
						|
      Administrator's Guide.
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
                              Supported Platforms
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
PostgreSQL has been verified by the developer community to work on the
 | 
						|
platforms listed below. A supported platform generally means that PostgreSQL
 | 
						|
builds and installs according to these instructions and that the regression
 | 
						|
tests pass.
 | 
						|
     Note: If you are having problems with the installation on a supported
 | 
						|
     platform, please write to <pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org> or <pgsql-
 | 
						|
     ports@postgresql.org>, not to the people listed here.
 | 
						|
 ________________________________________________________________________________
 | 
						|
|OS______|Processor__|Version|Reported_________________________|Remarks__________|
 | 
						|
|AIX     |RS6000     |7.3    |2002-11-12, Andreas Zeugswetter  |see also doc/    |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<ZeugswetterA@spardat.at>)______|FAQ_AIX__________|
 | 
						|
|BSD/OS  |x86        |7.3    |2002-10-25, Bruce Momjian        |4.2              |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<pgman@candle.pha.pa.us>)_______|_________________|
 | 
						|
|FreeBSD |Alpha      |7.3    |2002-11-13, Chris Kings-Lynne    |                 |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<chriskl@familyhealth.com.au>)__|_________________|
 | 
						|
|FreeBSD |x86        |7.3    |2002-10-29, 3.3, Nigel J. Andrews|                 |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |(<nandrews@investsystems.co.uk>),|                 |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |4.7, Larry Rosenman              |                 |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |(<ler@lerctr.org>), 5.0, Sean    |                 |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |Chittenden                       |                 |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<sean@chittenden.org>)__________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|HP-UX   |PA-RISC    |7.3    |2002-10-28, 10.20 Tom Lane       |gcc and cc; see  |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |(<tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>), 11.00,    |also doc/FAQ_HPUX|
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |11.11, 32 & 64 bit, Giles Lean   |                 |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<giles@nemeton.com.au>)_________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|IRIX    |MIPS       |7.3    |2002-10-27, Ian Barwick          |Irix64 Komma 6.5 |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<barwick@gmx.net>)______________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|Linux   |Alpha      |7.3    |2002-10-28, Magnus Naeslund      |2.4.19-pre6      |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<mag@fbab.net>)_________________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|Linux   |armv4l     |7.2    |2001-12-10, Mark Knox            |2.2.x            |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<segfault@hardline.org>)________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|Linux   |MIPS       |7.2    |2001-11-15, Hisao Shibuya        |2.0.x; Cobalt    |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<shibuya@alpha.or.jp>)__________|Qube2____________|
 | 
						|
|Linux   |PlayStation|7.2    |2001-12-12, Permaine Cheung      |#undef           |
 | 
						|
|        |2          |       |<pcheung@redhat.com>)            |HAS_TEST_AND_SET,|
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|_________________________________|slock_t__________|
 | 
						|
|Linux   |PPC74xx    |7.3    |2002-10-26, Tom Lane             |bye 2.2.18; Apple|
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>)____________|G3_______________|
 | 
						|
|Linux   |S/390      |7.2    |2001-12-12, Permaine Cheung      |                 |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|<pcheung@redhat.com>)____________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|Linux   |Sparc      |7.3    |2002-10-26, Doug McNaught        |3.0              |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<doug@mcnaught.org>)____________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|Linux   |x86        |7.3    |2002-10-26, Alvaro Herrera       |2.4              |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<alvherre@dcc.uchile.cl>)_______|_________________|
 | 
						|
|MacOS X |PPC        |7.3    |2002-10-28, 10.1, Tom Lane       |                 |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |(<tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>), 10.2.1,   |                 |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |Adam Witney                      |                 |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<awitney@sghms.ac.uk>)__________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|NetBSD  |Alpha      |7.2    |2001-11-20, Thomas Thai          |1.5W             |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<tom@minnesota.com>)____________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|NetBSD  |arm32      |7.3    |2002-11-19, Patrick Welche       |1.6              |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<prlw1@newn.cam.ac.uk>)_________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|NetBSD  |m68k       |7.0    |2000-04-10, Henry B. Hotz        |Mac 8xx          |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<hotz@jpl.nasa.gov>)____________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|NetBSD  |MIPS       |7.2.1  |2002-06-13, Warwick Hunter       |1.5.3            |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<whunter@agile.tv>)_____________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|NetBSD  |PPC        |7.2    |2001-11-28, Bill Studenmund      |1.5              |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<wrstuden@netbsd.org>)__________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|NetBSD  |Sparc      |7.2    |2001-12-03, Matthew Green        |32- and 64-bit   |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<mrg@eterna.com.au>)____________|builds___________|
 | 
						|
|NetBSD  |VAX        |7.1    |2001-03-30, Tom I. Helbekkmo     |1.5              |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<tih@kpnQwest.no>)______________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|NetBSD  |x86        |7.3    |2002-11-14, Patrick Welche       |1.6              |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<prlw1@newn.cam.ac.uk>)_________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|OpenBSD |Sparc      |7.3    |2002-11-17, Christopher Kings-   |3.2              |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |Lynne                            |                 |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<chriskl@familyhealth.com.au>)__|_________________|
 | 
						|
|OpenBSD |x86        |7.3    |2002-11-14, 3.1 Magnus Naeslund  |                 |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |(<mag@fbab.net>), 3.2 Christopher|                 |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |Kings-Lynne                      |                 |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<chriskl@familyhealth.com.au>)__|_________________|
 | 
						|
|Solaris |Sparc      |7.3    |2002-10-28, Andrew Sullivan      |Solaris 7 & 8;   |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |(<andrew@libertyrms.info>)       |see also doc/    |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|_________________________________|FAQ_Solaris______|
 | 
						|
|Solaris |x86        |7.2    |2001-11-28, Martin Renters       |2.8; see also    |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<martin@datafax.com>)___________|doc/FAQ_Solaris__|
 | 
						|
|SunOS 4 |Sparc      |7.2    |2001-12-04, Tatsuo Ishii (<t-    |                 |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|ishii@sra.co.jp>)________________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|Tru64   |Alpha      |7.3    |2002-11-05, Alessio Bragadini    |                 |
 | 
						|
|UNIX____|___________|_______|(<alessio@albourne.com>)_________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|UnixWare|x86        |7.3    |2002-11-01, 7.1.3 Larry Rosenman |see also doc/    |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |(<ler@lerctr.org>), 7.1.1 and    |FAQ_SCO          |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |7.1.2(8.0.0) Olivier Prenant     |                 |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<ohp@pyrenet.fr>)_______________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|Windows |x86        |7.3    |2002-10-29, Dave Page            |with Cygwin; see |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |(<dpage@vale-housing.co.uk>),    |doc/FAQ_MSWIN    |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |Jason Tishler                    |                 |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|(<jason@tishler.net>)____________|_________________|
 | 
						|
|Windows |x86        |7.3    |2002-11-05, Dave Page            |native is client-|
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |(<dpage@vale-housing.co.uk>)     |side only; see   |
 | 
						|
|        |           |       |                                 |Administrator's  |
 | 
						|
|________|___________|_______|_________________________________|Guide____________|
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
Unsupported Platforms: The following platforms are either known not to work, or
 | 
						|
they used to work in a previous release and we did not receive explicit
 | 
						|
confirmation of a successful test with version 7.3 at the time this list was
 | 
						|
compiled. We include these here to let you know that these platforms *could* be
 | 
						|
supported if given some attention.
 | 
						|
 _____________________________________________________________________________
 | 
						|
|OS__________|Processor|Version|Reported_______________________|Remarks_______|
 | 
						|
|BeOS        |x86      |7.2    |2001-11-29, Cyril Velter       |needs updates |
 | 
						|
|            |         |       |(<cyril.velter@libertysurf.fr>)|to semaphore  |
 | 
						|
|____________|_________|_______|_______________________________|code__________|
 | 
						|
|DG/UX       |m88k     |6.3    |1998-03-01, Brian E Gallew     |no recent     |
 | 
						|
|5.4R4.11____|_________|_______|(<geek+@cmu.edu>)______________|reports_______|
 | 
						|
|MkLinux DR1 |PPC750   |7.0    |2001-04-03, Tatsuo Ishii (<t-  |7.1 needs OS  |
 | 
						|
|____________|_________|_______|ishii@sra.co.jp>)______________|update?_______|
 | 
						|
|NeXTSTEP    |x86      |6.x    |1998-03-01, David Wetzel       |bit rot       |
 | 
						|
|____________|_________|_______|(<dave@turbocat.de>)___________|suspected_____|
 | 
						|
|QNX 4 RTOS  |x86      |7.2    |2001-12-10, Bernd Tegge        |needs updates |
 | 
						|
|            |         |       |(<tegge@repas-aeg.de>)         |to semaphore  |
 | 
						|
|            |         |       |                               |code; see also|
 | 
						|
|____________|_________|_______|_______________________________|doc/FAQ_QNX4__|
 | 
						|
|QNX RTOS v6 |x86      |7.2    |2001-11-20, Igor Kovalenko     |patches       |
 | 
						|
|            |         |       |(<Igor.Kovalenko@motorola.com>)|available in  |
 | 
						|
|            |         |       |                               |archives, but |
 | 
						|
|            |         |       |                               |too late for  |
 | 
						|
|____________|_________|_______|_______________________________|7.2___________|
 | 
						|
|SCO         |x86      |6.5    |1999-05-25, Andrew Merrill     |7.2 should    |
 | 
						|
|OpenServer 5|         |       |(<andrew@compclass.com>)       |work, but no  |
 | 
						|
|            |         |       |                               |reports; see  |
 | 
						|
|            |         |       |                               |also doc/     |
 | 
						|
|____________|_________|_______|_______________________________|FAQ_SCO_______|
 | 
						|
|System V R4 |m88k     |6.2.1  |1998-03-01, Doug Winterburn    |needs new TAS |
 | 
						|
|____________|_________|_______|(<dlw@seavme.xroads.com>)______|spinlock_code_|
 | 
						|
|System V R4 |MIPS     |6.4    |1998-10-28, Frank Ridderbusch  |no recent     |
 | 
						|
|____________|_________|_______|(<ridderbusch.pad@sni.de>)_____|reports_______|
 | 
						|
|Ultrix      |MIPS     |7.1    |2001-03-26                     |TAS spinlock  |
 | 
						|
|            |         |       |                               |code not      |
 | 
						|
|____________|_________|_______|_______________________________|detected______|
 | 
						|
|Ultrix______|VAX______|6.x____|1998-03-01_____________________|______________|
 | 
						|
 |