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Fix pg_hba.conf matching so that replication connections only match records

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with database = replication.  The previous coding would allow them to match
ordinary records too, but that seems like a recipe for security breaches.
Improve the messages associated with no-such-pg_hba.conf entry to report
replication connections as such, since that's now a critical aspect of
whether the connection matches.  Make some cursory improvements in the related
documentation, too.
This commit is contained in:
Tom Lane 2010-04-21 03:32:53 +00:00
parent a3c6d10575
commit a2c3931a24
6 changed files with 146 additions and 88 deletions
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18
doc/src/sgml/client-auth.sgml
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/client-auth.sgml,v 1.136 2010/04/03 07:22:53 petere Exp $ --> <!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/client-auth.sgml,v 1.137 2010/04/21 03:32:53 tgl Exp $ -->
<chapter id="client-authentication"> <chapter id="client-authentication">
<title>Client Authentication</title> <title>Client Authentication</title>
@ -75,13 +75,14 @@
<para> <para>
The general format of the <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> file is The general format of the <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> file is
a set of records, one per line. Blank lines are ignored, as is any a set of records, one per line. Blank lines are ignored, as is any
text after the <literal>#</literal> comment character. A record is made text after the <literal>#</literal> comment character.
Records cannot be continued across lines.
A record is made
up of a number of fields which are separated by spaces and/or tabs. up of a number of fields which are separated by spaces and/or tabs.
Fields can contain white space if the field value is quoted. Fields can contain white space if the field value is quoted.
Quoting one of the keywords in database or username field (e.g "all" Quoting one of the keywords in a database or username field (e.g.,
or "replication") makes the name lose its special character, and just <literal>all</> or <literal>replication</>) makes the word lose its special
match a database or username with that name. Records cannot be character, and just match a database or user with that name.
continued across lines.
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
@ -185,7 +186,8 @@ hostnossl <replaceable>database</replaceable> <replaceable>user</replaceable>
name as the requested database. (<literal>samegroup</> is an name as the requested database. (<literal>samegroup</> is an
obsolete but still accepted spelling of <literal>samerole</>.) obsolete but still accepted spelling of <literal>samerole</>.)
The value <literal>replication</> specifies that the record The value <literal>replication</> specifies that the record
matches if streaming replication is requested. matches if a replication connection is requested (note that
replication connections do not specify any particular database).
Otherwise, this is the name of Otherwise, this is the name of
a specific <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> database. a specific <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> database.
Multiple database names can be supplied by separating them with Multiple database names can be supplied by separating them with
@ -241,7 +243,7 @@ hostnossl <replaceable>database</replaceable> <replaceable>user</replaceable>
Typical examples of a <replaceable>CIDR-address</replaceable> are Typical examples of a <replaceable>CIDR-address</replaceable> are
<literal>172.20.143.89/32</literal> for a single host, or <literal>172.20.143.89/32</literal> for a single host, or
<literal>172.20.143.0/24</literal> for a small network, or <literal>172.20.143.0/24</literal> for a small network, or
<literal>10.6.0.0/16</literal> for a larger one. <literal>10.6.0.0/16</literal> for a larger one.
<literal>0.0.0.0/0</literal> (<quote>all balls</>) represents all addresses. <literal>0.0.0.0/0</literal> (<quote>all balls</>) represents all addresses.
To specify a single host, use a CIDR mask of 32 for IPv4 or To specify a single host, use a CIDR mask of 32 for IPv4 or
128 for IPv6. In a network address, do not omit trailing zeroes. 128 for IPv6. In a network address, do not omit trailing zeroes.

45
doc/src/sgml/high-availability.sgml
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/high-availability.sgml,v 1.61 2010/04/20 11:15:06 rhaas Exp $ --> <!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/high-availability.sgml,v 1.62 2010/04/21 03:32:53 tgl Exp $ -->
<chapter id="high-availability"> <chapter id="high-availability">
<title>High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication</title> <title>High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication</title>
@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ protocol to make nodes agree on a serializable transactional order.
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2 id="preparing-master-for-standby"> <sect2 id="preparing-master-for-standby">
<title>Preparing Master for Standby Servers</title> <title>Preparing the Master for Standby Servers</title>
<para> <para>
Set up continuous archiving on the primary to an archive directory Set up continuous archiving on the primary to an archive directory
@ -629,9 +629,13 @@ protocol to make nodes agree on a serializable transactional order.
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
If you want to use streaming replication, set up authentication to allow If you want to use streaming replication, set up authentication on the
streaming replication connections and set <varname>max_wal_senders</> in primary server to allow replication connections from the standby
the configuration file of the primary server. server(s); that is, provide a suitable entry or entries in
<filename>pg_hba.conf</> with the database field set to
<literal>replication</>. Also ensure <varname>max_wal_senders</> is set
to a sufficiently large value in the configuration file of the primary
server.
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
@ -641,7 +645,7 @@ protocol to make nodes agree on a serializable transactional order.
</sect2> </sect2>
<sect2 id="standby-server-setup"> <sect2 id="standby-server-setup">
<title>Setting up the standby server</title> <title>Setting Up a Standby Server</title>
<para> <para>
To set up the standby server, restore the base backup taken from primary To set up the standby server, restore the base backup taken from primary
@ -656,7 +660,7 @@ protocol to make nodes agree on a serializable transactional order.
<para> <para>
Do not use pg_standby or similar tools with the built-in standby mode Do not use pg_standby or similar tools with the built-in standby mode
described here. <varname>restore_command</> should return immediately described here. <varname>restore_command</> should return immediately
if the file does not exist, the server will retry the command again if if the file does not exist; the server will retry the command again if
necessary. See <xref linkend="log-shipping-alternative"> necessary. See <xref linkend="log-shipping-alternative">
for using tools like pg_standby. for using tools like pg_standby.
</para> </para>
@ -776,22 +780,20 @@ trigger_file = '/path/to/trigger_file'
<sect3 id="streaming-replication-authentication"> <sect3 id="streaming-replication-authentication">
<title>Authentication</title> <title>Authentication</title>
<para> <para>
It is very important that the access privilege for replication be setup It is very important that the access privileges for replication be set up
properly so that only trusted users can read the WAL stream, because it is so that only trusted users can read the WAL stream, because it is
easy to extract privileged information from it. easy to extract privileged information from it. Standby servers must
authenticate to the primary as a superuser account.
So a role with the <literal>SUPERUSER</> and <literal>LOGIN</>
privileges needs to be created on the primary.
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
Only the superuser is allowed to connect to the primary as the replication Client authentication for replication is controlled by a
standby. So a role with the <literal>SUPERUSER</> and <literal>LOGIN</>
privileges needs to be created in the primary.
</para>
<para>
Client authentication for replication is controlled by the
<filename>pg_hba.conf</> record specifying <literal>replication</> in the <filename>pg_hba.conf</> record specifying <literal>replication</> in the
<replaceable>database</> field. For example, if the standby is running on <replaceable>database</> field. For example, if the standby is running on
host IP <literal>192.168.1.100</> and the superuser's name for replication host IP <literal>192.168.1.100</> and the superuser's name for replication
is <literal>foo</>, the administrator can add the following line to the is <literal>foo</>, the administrator can add the following line to the
<filename>pg_hba.conf</> file on the primary. <filename>pg_hba.conf</> file on the primary:
<programlisting> <programlisting>
# Allow the user "foo" from host 192.168.1.100 to connect to the primary # Allow the user "foo" from host 192.168.1.100 to connect to the primary
@ -809,18 +811,13 @@ host replication foo 192.168.1.100/32 md5
port <literal>5432</literal>, the superuser's name for replication is port <literal>5432</literal>, the superuser's name for replication is
<literal>foo</>, and the password is <literal>foopass</>, the administrator <literal>foo</>, and the password is <literal>foopass</>, the administrator
can add the following line to the <filename>recovery.conf</> file on the can add the following line to the <filename>recovery.conf</> file on the
standby. standby:
<programlisting> <programlisting>
# The standby connects to the primary that is running on host 192.168.1.50 # The standby connects to the primary that is running on host 192.168.1.50
# and port 5432 as the user "foo" whose password is "foopass". # and port 5432 as the user "foo" whose password is "foopass".
primary_conninfo = 'host=192.168.1.50 port=5432 user=foo password=foopass' primary_conninfo = 'host=192.168.1.50 port=5432 user=foo password=foopass'
</programlisting> </programlisting>
You do not need to specify <literal>database=replication</> in the
<varname>primary_conninfo</varname>. The required option will be added
automatically. If you mention the database parameter at all within
<varname>primary_conninfo</varname> then a FATAL error will be raised.
</para> </para>
</sect3> </sect3>
@ -1959,7 +1956,7 @@ mv /tmp/pg_control /path/to/backup/data/global
<filename>pg_control</> contains the location where WAL replay will <filename>pg_control</> contains the location where WAL replay will
begin after restoring from the backup; backing it up first ensures begin after restoring from the backup; backing it up first ensures
that it points to the last restartpoint when the backup started, not that it points to the last restartpoint when the backup started, not
some later restartpoint that happened while files were copied to the some later restartpoint that happened while files were copied to the
backup. backup.
</para> </para>
</listitem> </listitem>

45
doc/src/sgml/recovery-config.sgml
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/recovery-config.sgml,v 2.4 2010/04/07 10:58:49 heikki Exp $ --> <!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/recovery-config.sgml,v 2.5 2010/04/21 03:32:53 tgl Exp $ -->
<chapter Id="recovery-config"> <chapter Id="recovery-config">
<title>Recovery Configuration</title> <title>Recovery Configuration</title>
@ -10,12 +10,10 @@
</indexterm> </indexterm>
<para> <para>
This chapter describes the settings available in This chapter describes the settings available in the
<filename>recovery.conf</> file. They apply only for the duration of <filename>recovery.conf</> file. They apply only for the duration of the
the recovery. (A sample file, <filename>share/recovery.conf.sample</>, recovery. They must be reset for any subsequent recovery you wish to
exists in the installation's <filename>share/</> directory.) They must perform. They cannot be changed once recovery has begun.
be reset for any subsequent recovery you wish to perform. They cannot
be changed once recovery has begun.
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
@ -26,6 +24,11 @@
value, write two quotes (<literal>''</>). value, write two quotes (<literal>''</>).
</para> </para>
<para>
A sample file, <filename>share/recovery.conf.sample</>,
is provided in the installation's <filename>share/</> directory.
</para>
<sect1 id="archive-recovery-settings"> <sect1 id="archive-recovery-settings">
<title>Archive recovery settings</title> <title>Archive recovery settings</title>
@ -208,9 +211,10 @@ restore_command = 'copy "C:\\server\\archivedir\\%f" "%p"' # Windows
<para> <para>
Specifies whether to start the <productname>PostgreSQL</> server as Specifies whether to start the <productname>PostgreSQL</> server as
a standby. If this parameter is <literal>on</>, the server will a standby. If this parameter is <literal>on</>, the server will
not end recovery when the end of archived WAL is reached, but not stop recovery when the end of archived WAL is reached, but
will keep trying to continue recovery using <varname>restore_command</> will keep trying to continue recovery by fetching new WAL segments
and by connecting to the primary server as specified by the using <varname>restore_command</>
and/or by connecting to the primary server as specified by the
<varname>primary_conninfo</> setting. <varname>primary_conninfo</> setting.
</para> </para>
</listitem> </listitem>
@ -229,14 +233,19 @@ restore_command = 'copy "C:\\server\\archivedir\\%f" "%p"' # Windows
defaults are used. defaults are used.
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
The built-in replication requires that a host name (or host address) The connection string should specify the host name (or address)
or port number which the primary server listens on be of the primary server, as well as the port number if it is not
specified in this string. Also ensure that a role with the same as the standby server's default.
the <literal>SUPERUSER</> and <literal>LOGIN</> privileges on the Also specify a user name corresponding to a role that has the
primary is set (see <literal>SUPERUSER</> and <literal>LOGIN</> privileges on the
<xref linkend="streaming-replication-authentication">). Note that primary (see
the password needs to be set if the primary demands password <xref linkend="streaming-replication-authentication">).
authentication. A password needs to be provided too, if the primary demands password
authentication. (The password can be provided either in
the <varname>primary_conninfo</varname> string or in a separate
<filename>~/.pgpass</> file on the standby server.)
Do not specify a database name in the
<varname>primary_conninfo</varname> string.
</para> </para>
<para> <para>
This setting has no effect if <varname>standby_mode</> is <literal>off</>. This setting has no effect if <varname>standby_mode</> is <literal>off</>.

105
src/backend/libpq/auth.c
View File

@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
* *
* *
* IDENTIFICATION * IDENTIFICATION
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/libpq/auth.c,v 1.199 2010/04/19 19:02:18 sriggs Exp $ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/libpq/auth.c,v 1.200 2010/04/21 03:32:53 tgl Exp $
* *
*------------------------------------------------------------------------- *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/ */
@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
#include "libpq/pqformat.h" #include "libpq/pqformat.h"
#include "libpq/md5.h" #include "libpq/md5.h"
#include "miscadmin.h" #include "miscadmin.h"
#include "replication/walsender.h"
#include "storage/ipc.h" #include "storage/ipc.h"
@ -250,6 +251,7 @@ auth_failed(Port *port, int status)
switch (port->hba->auth_method) switch (port->hba->auth_method)
{ {
case uaReject: case uaReject:
case uaImplicitReject:
errstr = gettext_noop("authentication failed for user \"%s\": host rejected"); errstr = gettext_noop("authentication failed for user \"%s\": host rejected");
break; break;
case uaKrb5: case uaKrb5:
@ -363,12 +365,14 @@ ClientAuthentication(Port *port)
case uaReject: case uaReject:
/* /*
* An explicit "reject" entry in pg_hba.conf. Take pity on the poor * An explicit "reject" entry in pg_hba.conf. This report exposes
* user and issue a helpful error message. * the fact that there's an explicit reject entry, which is perhaps
* NOTE: this is not a security breach, because all the info * not so desirable from a security standpoint; but the message
* reported here is known at the frontend and must be assumed * for an implicit reject could confuse the DBA a lot when the
* known to bad guys. We're merely helping out the less clueful * true situation is a match to an explicit reject. And we don't
* good guys. * want to change the message for an implicit reject. As noted
* below, the additional information shown here doesn't expose
* anything not known to an attacker.
*/ */
{ {
char hostinfo[NI_MAXHOST]; char hostinfo[NI_MAXHOST];
@ -378,29 +382,50 @@ ClientAuthentication(Port *port)
NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
NI_NUMERICHOST); NI_NUMERICHOST);
if (am_walsender)
{
#ifdef USE_SSL #ifdef USE_SSL
ereport(FATAL, ereport(FATAL,
(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION), (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
errmsg("pg_hba.conf rejects host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\", %s", errmsg("pg_hba.conf rejects replication connection for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", %s",
hostinfo, port->user_name, port->database_name, hostinfo, port->user_name,
port->ssl ? _("SSL on") : _("SSL off")))); port->ssl ? _("SSL on") : _("SSL off"))));
#else #else
ereport(FATAL, ereport(FATAL,
(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION), (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
errmsg("pg_hba.conf rejects host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\"", errmsg("pg_hba.conf rejects replication connection for host \"%s\", user \"%s\"",
hostinfo, port->user_name, port->database_name))); hostinfo, port->user_name)));
#endif #endif
}
else
{
#ifdef USE_SSL
ereport(FATAL,
(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
errmsg("pg_hba.conf rejects connection for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\", %s",
hostinfo, port->user_name,
port->database_name,
port->ssl ? _("SSL on") : _("SSL off"))));
#else
ereport(FATAL,
(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
errmsg("pg_hba.conf rejects connection for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\"",
hostinfo, port->user_name,
port->database_name)));
#endif
}
break; break;
} }
case uaImplicitReject: case uaImplicitReject:
/* /*
* No matching entry so tell the user we fell through. * No matching entry, so tell the user we fell through.
* NOTE: this is not a security breach, because all the info *
* reported here is known at the frontend and must be assumed * NOTE: the extra info reported here is not a security breach,
* known to bad guys. We're merely helping out the less clueful * because all that info is known at the frontend and must be
* good guys. * assumed known to bad guys. We're merely helping out the less
* clueful good guys.
*/ */
{ {
char hostinfo[NI_MAXHOST]; char hostinfo[NI_MAXHOST];
@ -410,18 +435,38 @@ ClientAuthentication(Port *port)
NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
NI_NUMERICHOST); NI_NUMERICHOST);
if (am_walsender)
{
#ifdef USE_SSL #ifdef USE_SSL
ereport(FATAL, ereport(FATAL,
(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION), (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
errmsg("no pg_hba.conf entry for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\", %s", errmsg("no pg_hba.conf entry for replication connection from host \"%s\", user \"%s\", %s",
hostinfo, port->user_name, port->database_name, hostinfo, port->user_name,
port->ssl ? _("SSL on") : _("SSL off")))); port->ssl ? _("SSL on") : _("SSL off"))));
#else #else
ereport(FATAL, ereport(FATAL,
(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION), (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
errmsg("no pg_hba.conf entry for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\"", errmsg("no pg_hba.conf entry for replication connection from host \"%s\", user \"%s\"",
hostinfo, port->user_name, port->database_name))); hostinfo, port->user_name)));
#endif #endif
}
else
{
#ifdef USE_SSL
ereport(FATAL,
(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
errmsg("no pg_hba.conf entry for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\", %s",
hostinfo, port->user_name,
port->database_name,
port->ssl ? _("SSL on") : _("SSL off"))));
#else
ereport(FATAL,
(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
errmsg("no pg_hba.conf entry for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\"",
hostinfo, port->user_name,
port->database_name)));
#endif
}
break; break;
} }

17
src/backend/libpq/hba.c
View File

@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
* *
* *
* IDENTIFICATION * IDENTIFICATION
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/libpq/hba.c,v 1.205 2010/04/19 19:02:18 sriggs Exp $ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/libpq/hba.c,v 1.206 2010/04/21 03:32:53 tgl Exp $
* *
*------------------------------------------------------------------------- *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/ */
@ -513,7 +513,13 @@ check_db(const char *dbname, const char *role, Oid roleid, char *param_str)
tok != NULL; tok != NULL;
tok = strtok(NULL, MULTI_VALUE_SEP)) tok = strtok(NULL, MULTI_VALUE_SEP))
{ {
if (strcmp(tok, "all\n") == 0) if (am_walsender)
{
/* walsender connections can only match replication keyword */
if (strcmp(tok, "replication\n") == 0)
return true;
}
else if (strcmp(tok, "all\n") == 0)
return true; return true;
else if (strcmp(tok, "sameuser\n") == 0) else if (strcmp(tok, "sameuser\n") == 0)
{ {
@ -526,9 +532,8 @@ check_db(const char *dbname, const char *role, Oid roleid, char *param_str)
if (is_member(roleid, dbname)) if (is_member(roleid, dbname))
return true; return true;
} }
else if (strcmp(tok, "replication\n") == 0 && else if (strcmp(tok, "replication\n") == 0)
am_walsender) continue; /* never match this if not walsender */
return true;
else if (strcmp(tok, dbname) == 0) else if (strcmp(tok, dbname) == 0)
return true; return true;
} }
@ -1812,7 +1817,7 @@ load_ident(void)
* *
* Note that STATUS_ERROR indicates a problem with the hba config file. * Note that STATUS_ERROR indicates a problem with the hba config file.
* If the file is OK but does not contain any entry matching the request, * If the file is OK but does not contain any entry matching the request,
* we return STATUS_OK and method = uaReject. * we return STATUS_OK and method = uaImplicitReject.
*/ */
int int
hba_getauthmethod(hbaPort *port) hba_getauthmethod(hbaPort *port)

4
src/backend/replication/libpqwalreceiver/libpqwalreceiver.c
View File

@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
* *
* *
* IDENTIFICATION * IDENTIFICATION
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/replication/libpqwalreceiver/libpqwalreceiver.c,v 1.9 2010/04/19 14:10:45 mha Exp $ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/replication/libpqwalreceiver/libpqwalreceiver.c,v 1.10 2010/04/21 03:32:53 tgl Exp $
* *
*------------------------------------------------------------------------- *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/ */
@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ libpqrcv_connect(char *conninfo, XLogRecPtr startpoint)
streamConn = PQconnectdb(conninfo_repl); streamConn = PQconnectdb(conninfo_repl);
if (PQstatus(streamConn) != CONNECTION_OK) if (PQstatus(streamConn) != CONNECTION_OK)
ereport(ERROR, ereport(ERROR,
(errmsg("could not connect to the primary server : %s", (errmsg("could not connect to the primary server: %s",
PQerrorMessage(streamConn)))); PQerrorMessage(streamConn))));
/* /*